Rectal Bleeding: Causes and When to Seek Help - Gastroenterology and Hepatology

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Rectal bleeding can be a concerning symptom, and understanding its potential causes is crucial for determining the appropriate course of action. The fact that you have experienced this symptom multiple times, especially with significant bleeding, warrants careful consideration and possibly further evaluation by a healthcare professional.


Possible Causes of Rectal Bleeding
1. Hemorrhoids: One of the most common causes of rectal bleeding, hemorrhoids are swollen veins in the lower rectum or anus. They can cause bright red blood during bowel movements, especially if there is straining involved.

2. Anal Fissures: These are small tears in the lining of the anus, often resulting from passing hard stools. They can cause sharp pain and bleeding during bowel movements.

3. Diverticular Disease: Diverticulosis, which involves the formation of small pouches in the colon wall, can lead to diverticulitis if these pouches become inflamed. This condition can cause rectal bleeding.

4. Colorectal Polyps or Cancer: Polyps are growths on the inner lining of the colon or rectum, some of which can become cancerous over time. Rectal bleeding can be a sign of colorectal cancer, especially if it is accompanied by changes in bowel habits or unexplained weight loss.

5. Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): Conditions like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis can lead to inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, resulting in rectal bleeding.

6. Gastrointestinal Infections: Certain infections can cause inflammation and bleeding in the intestines, leading to rectal bleeding.


When to Seek Help
Given your description of the bleeding being significant enough to spray out, it is essential to seek medical attention promptly. Here are some specific situations when you should definitely consult a healthcare provider:
- Persistent Bleeding: If the bleeding continues or worsens, it is crucial to seek medical help.

- Accompanied Symptoms: If you experience additional symptoms such as severe abdominal pain, dizziness, weakness, or changes in bowel habits, these could indicate a more serious condition.

- History of Gastrointestinal Issues: If you have a history of gastrointestinal diseases or conditions, it is important to discuss this with your doctor.

- Age Considerations: If you are over the age of 50, or if there is a family history of colorectal cancer, you should be evaluated sooner rather than later.


Diagnostic Approach
When you visit a healthcare provider, they may perform several evaluations, including:
- Physical Examination: A thorough examination, including a digital rectal exam, can help assess for hemorrhoids or fissures.

- Colonoscopy: This procedure allows the doctor to visualize the entire colon and rectum, helping to identify polyps, tumors, or areas of inflammation.

- Blood Tests: These can help assess for anemia, which may result from significant blood loss.


Conclusion
In summary, rectal bleeding can arise from various causes, some benign and others more serious. Given your symptoms and the recurrence of this issue, it is vital to consult a healthcare professional for a thorough evaluation. Early diagnosis and treatment can significantly improve outcomes, especially if a more serious condition is present. Remember, it is always better to err on the side of caution when it comes to health concerns.