Shoulder Calcification: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

Shoulder joint calcification

Dear Doctor,
In July of this year, my mother visited an orthopedic department at a medical center in Taipei due to shoulder joint pain.
After X-ray and ultrasound examinations, she was informed that there was a calcified protrusion formed between the scapula and the humerus.
Since the condition was not severe, surgery for removal was deemed unnecessary, and it was mentioned that the calcified deposit would be absorbed by the body over time.
However, my mother still reports pain in the shoulder joint when she makes large movements.

Could you please explain what might be causing this issue? Besides surgery, are there other effective treatments available to alleviate the pain? What is the medical diagnosis for such a condition? Thank you for taking the time to clarify these concerns.
Thank you.

Yu Feng, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2005/10/14

Dr. Shi Guozheng reply Orthopedics

Calcification near the shoulder joint is quite common in older individuals and usually does not have a significant impact.
Excessive joint movement may cause pain, possibly due to tendonitis.
Surgery is typically not necessary; medication and rehabilitation may gradually improve the condition.
It could be tendonitis or arthritis.

Reply Date: 2005/10/14

More Info

Shoulder calcification, often referred to as calcific tendinitis, is a condition where calcium deposits form in the tendons of the shoulder, particularly in the rotator cuff. This can lead to significant pain and restricted movement, and it is a common issue that can arise from various factors, including overuse, injury, or degenerative changes in the shoulder joint.

Causes of Shoulder Calcification
1. Overuse or Repetitive Motion: Activities that require repetitive overhead motions, such as swimming, painting, or certain sports, can lead to wear and tear on the shoulder tendons, resulting in calcification.

2. Age-Related Degeneration: As people age, the tendons can undergo degenerative changes, making them more susceptible to calcification.

3. Injury: Acute injuries to the shoulder can trigger a calcific response as the body attempts to heal the damaged tissue.

4. Metabolic Disorders: Certain metabolic conditions, such as hyperparathyroidism or diabetes, can increase the likelihood of calcium deposits forming in the tendons.

Symptoms
The symptoms of shoulder calcification can vary but typically include:
- Pain: This is often the most prominent symptom, which can be sharp or dull and may worsen with movement or at night.

- Limited Range of Motion: Individuals may find it difficult to lift their arm or perform overhead activities.

- Swelling and Tenderness: The affected area may feel tender to the touch and may exhibit some swelling.

Diagnosis
Diagnosis is usually made through imaging studies such as X-rays or ultrasound, which can reveal the presence of calcium deposits in the shoulder. In some cases, an MRI may be used to assess the extent of the injury and rule out other conditions.

Treatment Options
While surgery is an option for severe cases, many patients can find relief through non-surgical treatments. Here are some effective approaches:
1. Physical Therapy: A structured physical therapy program can help strengthen the shoulder muscles, improve flexibility, and reduce pain. Therapists may use modalities such as ultrasound or electrical stimulation to alleviate discomfort.

2. Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen or naproxen can help reduce pain and inflammation. In some cases, corticosteroid injections may be recommended to provide temporary relief.

3. Activity Modification: Avoiding activities that exacerbate the pain is crucial. Gradually reintroducing movements under the guidance of a healthcare professional can help prevent further irritation.

4. Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT): This non-invasive treatment uses sound waves to promote healing and reduce pain associated with calcific tendinitis.

5. Surgical Intervention: If conservative treatments fail and the pain persists, surgical options such as arthroscopic removal of the calcium deposits may be considered. However, this is typically reserved for cases where other treatments have not provided relief.

Prognosis
The prognosis for shoulder calcification is generally favorable. Many individuals experience significant improvement with conservative treatment, and the calcium deposits may gradually be reabsorbed by the body over time. However, it is essential to follow up with a healthcare provider to monitor the condition and adjust treatment as necessary.

In summary, shoulder calcification can lead to pain and limited mobility, but with appropriate management, many patients can achieve relief without the need for surgery. If your mother continues to experience pain despite conservative measures, it may be beneficial to consult with an orthopedic specialist for further evaluation and tailored treatment options.

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