Persistent Acne: Causes, Treatments, and Prevention Tips

Acne-prone skin

I have been dealing with acne for a long time since middle school.
I am a freshman living in a dorm, so I can't go to the dermatologist every week.
I do wear makeup, and recently my acne has become quite severe.
I would like to ask the following questions:
1.
Most of my acne is located on the lower part of my cheeks, and they are either red and hard or appear as several pustules clustered together.
What does this indicate?
2.
My previous doctor mentioned that sun exposure could worsen acne.
Are there any sunscreen products that are more suitable for acne-prone skin?
3.
Would taking vitamins help with my condition?
4.
I have seen both a gynecologist and a dermatologist, but there hasn't been any significant improvement.
How can I determine if I have a hormonal imbalance?
5.
I really can't figure out why my acne keeps worsening.
Even my mom has noticed it.
I understand there is a genetic component, but my parents and brother do not have acne as severe as mine (it keeps appearing before the old ones heal).
I have been careful about what I do; is my acne related to internal factors or something else?

kiko, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2005/10/28

Dr. Jiang Zheen reply Dermatology

Regardless, it is essential to seek treatment from a dermatologist, especially for severe and stubborn acne.
You can ask the doctor to prescribe medication for two weeks, or even obtain out-of-pocket medications for a week.
Acne treatment requires several months, so patience is necessary.
The most effective medication is oral isotretinoin; however, this medication is only covered by insurance in large hospitals.
When choosing sunscreen products, it is important to select reputable brands, preferably in lotion or gel form.
Wishing you peace, and Jesus loves you.

Reply Date: 2005/10/28

More Info

Persistent acne can be a frustrating and distressing condition, especially when it affects your daily life and self-esteem. Understanding the causes, treatments, and prevention strategies is essential for managing this skin issue effectively. Let's address your concerns one by one.

1. Understanding the Type of Acne: The acne you describe, characterized by red, hard bumps or clusters with pus, is likely a form of inflammatory acne, such as papules or pustules. This type of acne occurs when hair follicles become clogged with oil, dead skin cells, and bacteria. The inflammation can lead to redness and swelling, making the acne appear more pronounced. Factors such as hormonal changes, stress, and diet can exacerbate this condition. Since you mentioned that the acne is persistent and has been ongoing since middle school, it may be worth considering a comprehensive approach that includes both topical and systemic treatments.

2. Sun Exposure and Sunscreen: Your previous doctor’s advice about sun exposure worsening acne is valid. UV rays can lead to increased oil production and inflammation, which may aggravate acne. When choosing a sunscreen, look for non-comedogenic products, which are formulated to not clog pores. Mineral-based sunscreens containing zinc oxide or titanium dioxide are often recommended for acne-prone skin, as they provide broad-spectrum protection without irritating the skin.

3. Vitamins and Supplements: Certain vitamins and supplements can support skin health. For example, Vitamin A (in the form of retinoids) is known for its ability to promote skin cell turnover and prevent clogged pores. Omega-3 fatty acids, found in fish oil, may also help reduce inflammation. However, it’s crucial to consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new supplements, as they can interact with other medications or conditions.

4. Hormonal Imbalances: If you suspect that hormonal imbalances might be contributing to your acne, it’s essential to discuss this with your healthcare provider. Conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) can lead to hormonal fluctuations that trigger acne. Blood tests can help assess hormone levels, and your doctor may recommend treatments such as hormonal contraceptives or anti-androgens if imbalances are identified.

5. Genetic Factors and Persistent Acne: While genetics play a role in acne susceptibility, it’s important to remember that individual responses to hormones, stress, and environmental factors can vary significantly. Your family history may not fully explain your acne severity. Keeping a diary of your diet, skincare routine, and stress levels can help identify potential triggers. Additionally, consider consulting a dermatologist for a tailored treatment plan that may include prescription medications, topical treatments, or even procedures like chemical peels or laser therapy.

In summary, managing persistent acne requires a multifaceted approach. It’s essential to maintain a consistent skincare routine, use appropriate sun protection, consider dietary factors, and consult with healthcare professionals for personalized treatment options. While it may be challenging to visit a dermatologist weekly, establishing a plan with your doctor can help you achieve clearer skin over time. Remember, patience is key, as acne treatments often take several weeks to show significant improvement.

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