Are PLGA Absorbable Bone Screws Widely Used in Orthopedic Surgery? - Orthopedics

More Info

---

PLGA (Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)) absorbable bone screws have gained attention in the field of orthopedic surgery due to their potential benefits in promoting healing while minimizing the need for subsequent surgical removal. However, their application is still somewhat limited compared to traditional metallic implants.
Currently, PLGA screws are primarily used in specific cases, such as pediatric orthopedic surgeries or in situations where the use of permanent implants may not be ideal. The main advantage of PLGA screws is that they are designed to gradually degrade in the body, which can reduce the risk of complications associated with permanent implants, such as infection or irritation of surrounding tissues. As the screws dissolve, they are replaced by the body’s natural bone tissue, ideally promoting healing without the need for a second surgery to remove the hardware.

Despite their advantages, PLGA screws are not yet as widely adopted as traditional metal screws, which remain the standard in many orthopedic procedures. This is partly due to concerns regarding their mechanical strength and load-bearing capacity. Studies have shown that while PLGA screws can provide adequate fixation in certain scenarios, they may not offer the same level of stability as metal screws, particularly in high-stress environments. Therefore, their use is often selective and based on the specific needs of the patient and the nature of the injury.

Regarding safety, current research indicates that PLGA is generally biocompatible and does not pose significant risks to human health. There have been no widespread reports of harmful effects or severe complications directly associated with the use of PLGA screws. However, as with any medical device, there is always a potential for individual reactions, and some patients may experience localized inflammation or discomfort as the material degrades.
It is essential to consider that the long-term effects of PLGA screws are still being studied, and while they are not associated with severe adverse effects, ongoing research is necessary to fully understand their implications in various clinical settings. The degradation products of PLGA are typically lactic acid and glycolic acid, which are naturally occurring substances in the body, further supporting their safety profile.

In summary, while PLGA absorbable bone screws are not yet as widely used as traditional metal screws, they are being increasingly recognized for their potential benefits in specific orthopedic applications. Their biocompatibility and ability to dissolve over time make them an attractive option for certain patients, particularly in pediatric cases or where the removal of hardware poses a risk. However, their mechanical properties and the specific clinical context will dictate their use. As always, it is crucial for patients to discuss their options with their orthopedic surgeon to determine the most appropriate treatment plan based on their individual circumstances.