Abnormal Liver Function: Causes, Risks, and Solutions

Liver dysfunction

Hello Doctor, I recently had a health checkup at school and found that my liver function is somewhat problematic with GOT at 39 and GPT at 90.
My family has a history of liver diseases, and I also tend to stay up late.

1.
I would like to ask if there are medications available to help control these values if I see a doctor?
2.
I am quite overweight at 108 kg, and I wonder if this could affect my liver function?
3.
Is there a difference between abnormal liver function and elevated liver enzymes?

Lin Tongxue, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2007/12/08

Dr. Lin Minghui reply Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Hello, Student Lin.

1.
When liver function is abnormal, it is important to identify the cause and provide targeted treatment rather than simply controlling the values with medication.
In cases of viral hepatitis, types B and C can easily become chronic and require monitoring.
Currently, there are antiviral medications available, which should only be used after a physician's assessment.
If the condition is fatty liver, it is important to consider factors such as alcohol consumption and obesity.
2.
For individuals with obesity, severe fatty liver can impact liver function.
3.
The liver has many functions, including detoxification, protein synthesis, coagulation factor production, and bile production.
GOT and GPT are enzymes found within liver cells, and elevated liver enzyme levels indicate inflammation of the liver cells.
Wishing you good health.
Sincerely,
Dr.
Lin Ming-Hui
Taoyuan Hospital, Department of Health

Reply Date: 2007/12/08

More Info

Understanding abnormal liver function is crucial for maintaining overall health, especially given your family history of liver diseases and your lifestyle choices. Let's break down your concerns regarding your liver function test results, specifically your GOT (AST) of 39 and GPT (ALT) of 90, and address your questions.

1. Medication for Liver Function Control
When it comes to managing elevated liver enzymes like GOT and GPT, the approach largely depends on the underlying cause of the elevation. If your liver function tests indicate liver inflammation or damage, the first step is to identify the cause. Common causes include viral hepatitis, fatty liver disease, alcohol-related liver disease, and certain medications or toxins.

If your liver enzyme levels are elevated due to a specific condition, such as viral hepatitis, your doctor may prescribe antiviral medications. For conditions like non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), lifestyle modifications are often the first line of treatment. This includes weight loss, dietary changes, and increased physical activity. There are no specific medications to "normalize" liver enzymes; rather, the goal is to treat the underlying condition.

2. Impact of Weight on Liver Function
Your weight of 108 kg (approximately 238 lbs) can indeed impact your liver function. Obesity is a significant risk factor for developing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which can lead to inflammation (non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, or NASH) and potentially progress to cirrhosis or liver failure. The excess fat in the liver can cause liver enzymes to rise, as seen in your case.

Weight loss, even as little as 5-10% of your total body weight, can significantly improve liver health and reduce liver enzyme levels. A balanced diet low in saturated fats and sugars, combined with regular exercise, can help you achieve this goal. Consulting a nutritionist or a healthcare provider can provide personalized guidance.

3. Difference Between Abnormal Liver Function and Elevated Liver Enzymes
The terms "abnormal liver function" and "elevated liver enzymes" are related but not synonymous. Elevated liver enzymes (like GOT and GPT) indicate that there is some form of liver injury or inflammation. However, abnormal liver function refers to the liver's ability to perform its essential tasks, such as detoxification, protein synthesis, and production of biochemicals necessary for digestion.

Liver function tests may include measurements of bilirubin, albumin, and clotting factors, in addition to enzyme levels. If these tests indicate that the liver is not functioning properly, it may suggest more severe liver disease, such as cirrhosis or liver failure. Therefore, while elevated enzymes are a warning sign, they do not always indicate severe liver dysfunction.

Recommendations
1. Consult a Healthcare Provider: Given your elevated liver enzymes and family history, it is essential to consult a healthcare provider for a comprehensive evaluation. They may recommend further testing, such as imaging studies or a liver biopsy, to determine the cause of your liver enzyme elevation.

2. Lifestyle Modifications: Focus on a healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. Limit processed foods, sugars, and saturated fats. Regular physical activity is also crucial for weight management and overall liver health.

3. Regular Monitoring: Regular follow-up appointments and liver function tests are essential to monitor your liver health and enzyme levels over time.

4. Avoid Alcohol and Toxins: Alcohol can exacerbate liver damage, so it is advisable to avoid it. Additionally, be cautious with medications and supplements, as some can negatively affect liver function.

In conclusion, while your liver enzyme levels are elevated, there are steps you can take to manage your liver health effectively. Early intervention and lifestyle changes can make a significant difference in preventing further liver damage.

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