Essential Feeding Tips and Concerns for Newborns: A Guide for New Moms

Neonatal Feeding Volume and Related Issues

Hello Doctor: I am a new mom and have some questions to ask.

1.
My baby girl is currently 1 month and 19 days old and weighed 4 kg about a week ago.
I’m not sure what her current weight is.
Sometimes she doesn’t finish 120 cc of formula, and other times she drinks it all and then wants another 50 cc within half an hour.
Is this normal? I’m unsure how to prepare the formula.
Please guide me.
2.
I’ve heard that it’s possible to wean her off nighttime feedings.
How should I go about doing that?
3.
How often should I change her diaper? Is it every few hours? Is it better to change the diaper before feeding or after feeding?
4.
She was born at 36 weeks, so she has a lot of vernix caseosa on her body, especially in her genital area.
What should I do about that?
5.
How can I tell if she has a cold? Sometimes she sneezes three times in a row, and other times she coughs, which makes me a bit worried.
Thank you for answering these questions.
I really appreciate it.

Ming Ma, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2008/03/31

Dr. Xiao Kaiwen reply Pediatrics

1.
A one-month-old infant is considered normal if their weight has increased by 900-1000 grams from their birth weight, indicating adequate milk intake.
It is common for newborns to have small feeding sessions due to their limited stomach capacity.
The amount of formula to prepare can vary by individual; if concerned about waste, it is advisable to start with a smaller amount (a general guideline is that infants can consume approximately 25-30 cc of formula per kilogram of body weight per feeding).

2.
During the day, try to engage with the baby to prevent prolonged sleep.
At night, there is no need to wake them for feeding; instead, offer more milk before bedtime.
When feeding at night, use a dim light and avoid playing with them afterward; allow them to sleep immediately after feeding.
3.
If using high-quality, absorbent diapers, it is recommended to change the diaper before each feeding (and after feeding if there is a risk of spitting up).
If diaper rash occurs, change the diaper as soon as it is wet.
4.
During bath time and after bowel movements, ensure that the folds of the genital area are cleaned thoroughly, as female infants are at a higher risk for urinary tract infections.
5.
Occasional sneezing and coughing in infants is normal (unless symptoms are severe, in which case a pediatrician should be consulted).

Reply Date: 2008/03/31

More Info

Dear New Mom,
Congratulations on your journey into motherhood! It's completely normal to have questions and concerns about your newborn's feeding, health, and overall well-being. Let's address your questions one by one.

1. Feeding Amounts: At around one month and 19 days, your baby’s feeding habits can vary significantly. It's common for newborns to drink anywhere from 60 to 120 cc (2 to 4 ounces) per feeding, depending on their appetite. If your baby sometimes finishes 120 cc and other times leaves some, that’s perfectly normal. Babies have fluctuating appetites, and their needs can change from day to day. A general guideline is to feed your baby on demand, meaning you should offer the bottle when she shows signs of hunger (like rooting or sucking on her hands). If she seems satisfied and is gaining weight appropriately, you’re doing great!
2. Night Weaning: Night weaning can be a gradual process. If you want to reduce nighttime feedings, you can start by slowly increasing the time between feedings. For example, if she usually wakes up every 2 hours, try extending it to 2.5 hours for a few nights, then 3 hours, and so on. You can also try comforting her in other ways when she wakes up, such as rocking or patting her, instead of immediately offering the bottle. This helps her learn to self-soothe and may reduce her reliance on nighttime feedings.

3. Diaper Changes: Newborns typically need diaper changes every 2 to 3 hours, but this can vary based on how much they eat and their individual habits. It's generally a good idea to change your baby’s diaper before feeding, especially if it’s been a while since the last change. A clean diaper can help keep her comfortable and focused on feeding. However, if she has a dirty diaper, it’s best to change it right away to prevent diaper rash.

4. Vernix Caseosa: Since your baby was born at 36 weeks, she may have some residual vernix (the white, waxy substance that coats the skin of newborns) on her body, especially in skin folds. This is completely normal and usually resolves on its own. You can gently clean the area with a soft cloth during bath time. If you notice any redness or irritation, consult your pediatrician for advice.

5. Signs of Illness: It's natural to worry about your baby's health, especially when she shows signs like sneezing or coughing. Newborns can sneeze for various reasons, including clearing their nasal passages. However, if she has a persistent cough, a runny nose that lasts more than a few days, or if she seems unusually fussy or lethargic, it’s important to consult your pediatrician. They can help determine if she has a cold or any other illness and provide guidance on how to care for her.

In summary, trust your instincts as a mother. Each baby is unique, and you will learn to understand your daughter’s needs over time. Keep an eye on her growth and development, and don’t hesitate to reach out to your pediatrician with any concerns. They are there to support you and ensure your baby is healthy and thriving.

Wishing you and your little one all the best!
Warm regards,
Doctor Q&A Teams

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