Carotid Artery Blockage: Causes, Treatments, and Prevention

Carotid artery occlusion

Hello Dr.
Tsai,
My father is 65 years old and has a hereditary history of hypertension.
A few days ago, he felt dizzy, and after a hospital examination, it was found that he has carotid artery blockage.
I would like to ask:
1.
Is there medication available that can cure carotid artery blockage?
2.
What are the causes of carotid artery blockage?
3.
What precautions can be taken to prevent a stroke?
4.
Does drinking a small glass of red wine or taking natto extract capsules before bed help the arterial blood vessels?
5.
Are there any foods that can help improve vascular health?
An anxious daughter thanks you for your reply! Grateful.

Xiao Ru, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2008/12/02

Dr. Cai Xiuwen reply Nutrition

Hello! Regarding your father's arterial blockage, it would be best to consult the physician who conducted the examination for more clarity on the cause.
Have there been any tests for lipid levels or diabetes? Generally, to prevent stroke, it is important to control lipid levels and maintain blood pressure within the normal range.
A diet rich in high-fiber foods while reducing fat intake, especially saturated and trans fats (such as butter and cream), is advisable.
Regular exercise can help improve blood circulation and increase vascular elasticity; ideally, aim for three days a week, with 30 minutes of exercise each session, maintaining a heart rate above 130 beats per minute.
Exercise should be gradual.
Moderate alcohol consumption can aid circulation, but excessive intake can burden lipid levels.
Even though natto capsules are certified as health foods, they should only be considered as general health supplements.
The fundamental approach remains a healthy diet and exercise, with medication added as necessary.
This information is provided by Dietitian Tsai Hsiu-Wen from Nantou Hospital, Department of Health.
Wishing you good health!

Reply Date: 2008/12/02

More Info

Dear concerned daughter,
Thank you for reaching out regarding your father's recent diagnosis of carotid artery blockage. This is indeed a serious condition, and understanding its causes, treatments, and preventive measures is crucial for managing his health effectively.

1. Can carotid artery blockage be treated with medication?
While there are medications that can help manage the symptoms and reduce the risk of complications associated with carotid artery blockage, such as antiplatelet agents (like aspirin) and statins (to lower cholesterol), there is no medication that can "cure" the blockage itself. The primary goal of medication is to prevent further progression of the disease and reduce the risk of stroke. In cases where the blockage is significant (typically over 60% narrowing), surgical interventions such as carotid endarterectomy or carotid artery stenting may be necessary to restore proper blood flow.

2. What causes carotid artery blockage?
Carotid artery blockage is primarily caused by atherosclerosis, a condition where fatty deposits (plaque) build up on the artery walls, leading to narrowing and hardening of the arteries. Risk factors include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, diabetes, obesity, and a sedentary lifestyle. Genetic predisposition, as in your father's case with hereditary hypertension, can also play a significant role in the development of this condition.

3. What can be done to prevent stroke?
Preventing stroke involves managing risk factors effectively. Here are some key strategies:
- Control blood pressure: Regular monitoring and medication adherence are essential.

- Manage cholesterol levels: A heart-healthy diet low in saturated fats and high in omega-3 fatty acids can help.

- Quit smoking: If your father smokes, seeking help to quit is vital.

- Regular exercise: Encourage him to engage in regular physical activity, as tolerated.

- Healthy diet: A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can support cardiovascular health.

- Regular check-ups: Routine medical appointments for monitoring and adjustments in treatment are crucial.

4. Does drinking a small glass of red wine or taking natto capsules help?
Moderate consumption of red wine has been associated with some cardiovascular benefits due to its antioxidant properties, particularly resveratrol. However, it's essential to consume it in moderation, as excessive alcohol can lead to other health issues. Natto, a fermented soybean product rich in vitamin K2, may help improve arterial health by preventing calcification of arteries. However, it’s important to consult with a healthcare provider before adding any supplements to ensure they do not interfere with existing medications or conditions.

5. What foods can help improve vascular health?
Incorporating certain foods into your father's diet can support vascular health:
- Fatty fish: Rich in omega-3 fatty acids (e.g., salmon, mackerel) can help reduce inflammation and lower blood pressure.

- Fruits and vegetables: High in antioxidants and fiber, they can help lower cholesterol and improve overall heart health.

- Whole grains: Foods like oats and brown rice can help manage cholesterol levels.

- Nuts and seeds: These are good sources of healthy fats and can help improve heart health.

- Legumes: Beans and lentils are high in fiber and protein, which can aid in cholesterol management.

In conclusion, while carotid artery blockage is a serious condition, proactive management through lifestyle changes, medication, and regular medical follow-ups can significantly reduce the risk of stroke and improve your father's overall health. It is essential to work closely with his healthcare provider to develop a comprehensive treatment plan tailored to his specific needs.

Best wishes for your father's health and well-being.

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