Is It Enterovirus? Symptoms and Diagnosis

Q: Is It Enterovirus? Symptoms and Diagnosis

Dear readers： <br>1. <br>Regarding the typical common symptoms of enterovirus： <br> (1) Hand, foot, and mouth disease： fever or mild fever, with scattered, non-painful, non-itchy, non-crusted, non-scarring small, elongated, light red rashes or small vesicular lesions on the pal

Is it an enterovirus?

Hello, doctor: Last week, I had a continuous fever of about 40 degrees Celsius for several days, and my throat showed the following symptoms: https://imgur.com/hKPJaih.
I would like to ask the doctor: 1.
Does the photo indicate pharyngitis? 2.
Given the continuous high fever for several days, can this be diagnosed as enterovirus infection, or could there be other possible conditions? Thank you!

JASON, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2015/01/13

Dr. Liao Zhongxin reply Internal Medicine

Dear readers:
1.
Regarding the typical common symptoms of enterovirus:
(1) Hand, foot, and mouth disease: fever or mild fever, with scattered, non-painful, non-itchy, non-crusted, non-scarring small, elongated, light red rashes or small vesicular lesions on the palms (Figure 1, Figure 5), soles of the feet, buttocks, and knees; vesicular ulcers may appear on the oral mucosa and tongue, as well as the soft palate, gums, and lips, accompanied by pain, loss of appetite, and drooling (in young children).

(2) Vesicular pharyngitis: sudden onset of fever, vomiting, and the presence of small vesicles or ulcers in the pharyngeal area (only the back half of the oral cavity); loss of appetite and drooling (in young children).

2.
Additionally, sore throat accompanied by fever may indicate other possibilities besides enterovirus infection, so it is advisable to seek further evaluation at a nearby medical facility.
Thank you!

Reply Date: 2015/01/13

More Info

When considering the symptoms you've described, including a high fever reaching approximately 40 degrees Celsius and the appearance of your throat as shown in the linked image, it's essential to approach the diagnosis with a comprehensive understanding of potential viral infections, particularly enteroviruses.

1. Understanding Enteroviruses: Enteroviruses are a group of viruses that can cause a variety of illnesses, ranging from mild respiratory infections to more severe conditions like viral meningitis or myocarditis. They are particularly common in children but can affect individuals of all ages. Symptoms of enterovirus infections can include fever, sore throat, cough, and sometimes gastrointestinal symptoms like diarrhea.

2. Symptoms of Pharyngitis: The image you provided suggests the presence of inflammation in the throat, which could indeed indicate pharyngitis or tonsillitis. Pharyngitis is characterized by a sore throat, redness, and swelling of the pharynx, often accompanied by fever. The presence of white patches or exudate can suggest a bacterial infection, such as streptococcal pharyngitis, but viral infections can also cause similar symptoms.

3. Diagnosis Considerations: While the combination of high fever and throat symptoms can suggest an enterovirus infection, it is crucial to consider other potential diagnoses. For instance, streptococcal throat infection (strep throat) is a common bacterial cause of severe sore throat and fever, and it requires a different treatment approach, typically antibiotics. Other viral infections, such as influenza or mononucleosis, can also present with similar symptoms.

4. Diagnostic Testing: To accurately diagnose the cause of your symptoms, a healthcare provider may recommend several tests. A rapid strep test or throat culture can help determine if a bacterial infection is present. Additionally, if enterovirus is suspected, specific viral testing may be conducted, especially if symptoms are severe or prolonged.

5. Management and Treatment: If enterovirus is confirmed, treatment is generally supportive, focusing on symptom relief. This may include hydration, rest, and over-the-counter medications to reduce fever and throat pain. If a bacterial infection is diagnosed, antibiotics will be necessary.

6. When to Seek Further Care: Given the severity of your symptoms, including the high fever and throat discomfort, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional for a thorough evaluation. If you experience difficulty breathing, persistent high fever despite treatment, or worsening symptoms, seek immediate medical attention.

In summary, while your symptoms could potentially align with an enterovirus infection, they could also indicate other conditions, including bacterial infections. A thorough examination and appropriate testing by a healthcare provider will be essential in determining the correct diagnosis and treatment plan.

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