Rectal Bleeding: Causes and When to Seek Help - Internal Medicine

More Info

---

Rectal bleeding can be a concerning symptom, and it’s important to understand its potential causes and when to seek medical attention. Given your description of pain and bleeding from the rectal area, it’s essential to consider several possibilities.

One of the most common causes of rectal bleeding is hemorrhoids, which are swollen veins in the lower rectum or anus. Hemorrhoids can cause pain, itching, and bleeding, especially during bowel movements. They can be internal (inside the rectum) or external (under the skin around the anus). If you have been experiencing discomfort and bleeding, it’s possible that hemorrhoids could be the culprit.

Another potential cause is anal fissures, which are small tears in the lining of the anus. These can occur due to passing hard stools or straining during bowel movements. Fissures can be quite painful and may cause bleeding, particularly when wiping after a bowel movement.

In some cases, rectal bleeding can be a sign of more serious conditions, such as diverticular disease, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), or even colorectal cancer. Diverticulosis, which involves the formation of small pouches in the colon wall, can lead to diverticulitis, causing inflammation and bleeding. IBD, which includes conditions like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, can also result in rectal bleeding and abdominal pain. Colorectal cancer, while less common, is a serious condition that can present with rectal bleeding, especially in older adults.

Given the range of potential causes, it’s crucial to seek medical attention if you experience rectal bleeding. You should see a healthcare provider if:
1. The bleeding is heavy or persistent.

2. You experience significant pain or discomfort.

3. You notice changes in your bowel habits, such as diarrhea or constipation.

4. You have other symptoms, such as weight loss, fever, or fatigue.

5. You have a family history of colorectal cancer or other gastrointestinal diseases.

During your visit, the healthcare provider may perform a physical examination, including a digital rectal exam, and may recommend further diagnostic tests such as a colonoscopy, which allows for direct visualization of the colon and rectum. This procedure can help identify the source of bleeding and determine the appropriate treatment.

In the meantime, there are some self-care measures you can take to alleviate discomfort. If hemorrhoids or anal fissures are suspected, you can try the following:
- Increase your fiber intake through fruits, vegetables, and whole grains to soften stools and reduce straining during bowel movements.

- Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water.

- Use over-the-counter topical treatments or creams designed for hemorrhoids to relieve pain and itching.

- Take warm baths (sitz baths) to soothe the area.

- Avoid prolonged sitting or straining during bowel movements.

In conclusion, while rectal bleeding can often be attributed to benign conditions like hemorrhoids or fissures, it is essential to consult a healthcare professional to rule out more serious issues. Early diagnosis and treatment can lead to better outcomes and relief from symptoms. Don’t hesitate to reach out for help, as your health and well-being are paramount.