Missed Period for Two Months: Possible Causes Beyond Pregnancy

Menstruation has not occurred for two months?

Hello, I haven't had my period for two months.
I am still a virgin and have no experience with internal ejaculation, but I recently noticed some slight swelling in my abdomen, specifically around the uterus, which seems larger than before.
If we exclude the possibility of pregnancy, what other conditions could I be experiencing?

Niming, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2016/03/16

Dr. Cao Guotao reply Obstetrics and Gynecology

Hello, if you still feel unwell, it is recommended to see a gynecologist for an ultrasound examination.
Wishing you good health.

Reply Date: 2016/03/16

More Info

Missed periods can be concerning, especially when accompanied by physical changes such as abdominal swelling. While pregnancy is often the first consideration, there are several other potential causes for a missed period and abdominal changes, particularly in someone who identifies as a virgin and has not engaged in penetrative sexual intercourse.

1. Hormonal Imbalances: One of the most common reasons for missed periods is hormonal imbalance. Conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) can disrupt the regularity of menstrual cycles. Hormonal fluctuations can also arise from stress, significant weight changes (either gain or loss), excessive exercise, or changes in diet. These factors can lead to anovulation (the absence of ovulation), which can cause missed periods.

2. Thyroid Disorders: The thyroid gland plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism and menstrual cycles. Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) or hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) can lead to irregularities in menstrual cycles, including missed periods. Symptoms of thyroid disorders can also include weight changes, fatigue, and changes in skin and hair.

3. Stress and Mental Health: Psychological factors such as stress, anxiety, and depression can significantly impact menstrual cycles. The body’s response to stress can lead to the release of hormones that interfere with the normal functioning of the reproductive system, potentially leading to missed periods.

4. Physical Conditions: Conditions such as uterine fibroids, ovarian cysts, or endometriosis can cause changes in the abdominal area and affect menstrual cycles. These conditions can lead to symptoms such as abdominal swelling, pain, or discomfort. It’s essential to consult a healthcare provider for proper evaluation if these symptoms are present.

5. Lifestyle Factors: Changes in lifestyle, including diet, exercise, and sleep patterns, can also affect menstrual cycles. For instance, significant weight loss or gain, extreme dieting, or excessive physical activity can lead to missed periods.

6. Medications: Certain medications, including hormonal contraceptives, can affect menstrual cycles. If you have recently started or stopped any medications, this could be a contributing factor.

7. Pregnancy: Although you mentioned being a virgin, it’s important to note that some forms of sexual activity can still lead to pregnancy, including genital contact or pre-ejaculate fluid. If there is any uncertainty, a pregnancy test can provide clarity.

Given your symptoms of abdominal swelling and missed periods, it is advisable to consult a healthcare provider. They can conduct a thorough evaluation, which may include a physical examination, blood tests to check hormone levels, and possibly imaging studies like an ultrasound to assess the reproductive organs.
In summary, while pregnancy is a common cause of missed periods, there are numerous other potential factors that could be at play. A healthcare professional can help determine the underlying cause and recommend appropriate treatment or management strategies. It’s essential to address these concerns promptly to ensure your overall health and well-being.

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