Understanding Persistent Foamy Urine: Is It a Sign of Proteinuria?
The first urine in the morning shows a slight foam that has not dissipated for a long time? Hello Doctor: Recently, I have started to pay attention to the issue of foamy urine, so I have been carefully observing the characteristics of each urination daily. Since I am currently wa...
Dr. Huang Yaoxuan Reply:
Hello Mr. Wang: The presence of bubbles in your urine may indicate proteinuria, but it could also be caused by other substances. Clinically, only proteinuria is known to affect health, so when we encounter bubbly urine, we typically conduct a test for urine protein. Urine protein...[Read More] Understanding Persistent Foamy Urine: Is It a Sign of Proteinuria?
How to Manage Post-Meal Blood Sugar Levels Effectively
How to improve postprandial blood sugar levels? Dear Dr. Hsiao, I recently had a physical examination, and the results are as follows: a. Fasting plasma glucose level after more than 8 hours is 89 mg/dL, b. Postprandial glucose level after 2 hours is 162 mg/dL, c. HbA1c (glycate...
Dr. Xiao Yongxun Reply:
Dear Mr. Chubby: 1. According to the American Diabetes Association's diagnostic criteria for diabetes: a. Fasting plasma glucose level ≥ 126 mg/dL after fasting for more than 8 hours, b. 2-hour plasma glucose level ≥ 200 mg/dL during an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT), c...[Read More] How to Manage Post-Meal Blood Sugar Levels Effectively
Understanding the Gap Between Fasting and Post-Meal Blood Sugar Levels
The difference between fasting blood glucose and postprandial blood glucose after breakfast? Hello Doctor, during my first pregnancy, I had gestational diabetes, and I did not follow up or manage it after giving birth. During the early stages of my second pregnancy, I underwent t...
Dr. Xiao Yongxun Reply:
Dear Ms. Anna: 1. According to the American Diabetes Association's diagnostic criteria for diabetes: a. Fasting plasma glucose level ≥126 mg/dL after fasting for more than 8 hours, b. Plasma glucose level ≥200 mg/dL during a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test, c. HbA1c (gly...[Read More] Understanding the Gap Between Fasting and Post-Meal Blood Sugar Levels
Can Diabetes Medication Affect Fertility in Men?
Diabetic patients I already have a child who is currently 3 years and 7 months old. I have been wanting to have another child, but I later found out that my husband is taking medication for diabetes. Could this be a reason why it is more difficult to conceive? Thank you for your ...
Dr. Xiao Yongxun Reply:
Dear Miss Cupid: 1. Infertility is defined as a couple's inability to conceive after one year of regular, unprotected intercourse. Approximately 40% of infertility cases are attributed to male factors, 20% to female hormonal issues, 30% to female pelvic factors, 5% to an u...[Read More] Can Diabetes Medication Affect Fertility in Men?
Managing Diabetes Medications for Lean Patients: Key Considerations
Diabetes medication consultation? Hello Doctor, my father is 63 years old and has symptoms of diabetes (pre-meal blood sugar around 120). He is currently taking diabetes medication. My father has a lean body type and is not obese, follows a vegetarian diet, and avoids greasy food...
Dr. Xiao Yongxun Reply:
Dear Mr. Paul Chen: 1. The first-line medication for most patients with type 2 diabetes is Metformin, which you referred to as Asures®. Regarding medication choices for leaner diabetic patients, there can indeed be some controversy in the medical community. It is advisable to in...[Read More] Managing Diabetes Medications for Lean Patients: Key Considerations
Managing Hypoglycemia: When to Seek Further Testing and Dietary Changes
Management of Hypoglycemia Hello, Doctor! I have experienced symptoms of hypoglycemia since elementary school, occurring about ten times a year. After entering high school, these episodes have become more frequent. My records show that I average a blood sugar test in the school h...
Dr. Xiao Yongxun Reply:
Dear Ms. Olivia: 1. There are many causes of hypoglycemia, the most common being medications used by patients with diabetes. Other causes include renal failure, certain tumors, liver disease, hypothyroidism, muscle starvation, congenital metabolic disorders, adrenal insufficien...[Read More] Managing Hypoglycemia: When to Seek Further Testing and Dietary Changes
Understanding Foamy Urine: Causes and Concerns After Rapid Weight Loss
My urinary issues? Hello Dr. Wu, I previously experienced rapid weight loss due to taking Forxiga, dropping from 116 kg to 109 kg between March 30 and April 11. I stopped the medication on April 8. I was concerned about potential kidney issues, so I had blood tests done on April ...
Dr. Wu Jiyu Reply:
Hello, 1. First, it is essential to understand the dosage of Forxiga you are using and whether you are combining it with other weight loss medications or treatments. A weight loss of nearly seven kilograms in less than two weeks is considered too rapid and may pose potential ha...[Read More] Understanding Foamy Urine: Causes and Concerns After Rapid Weight Loss
Understanding Wound Healing in HIV Patients: Common Misconceptions
Questions about wounds related to HIV/AIDS? I have a question. A friend told me that wounds in HIV patients, such as cuts or bleeding, are difficult to heal. 1. If it's just a minor cut or burn, can it still heal on its own in about a week like in a healthy person? 2. If we ...
Dr. Liao Zhongxin Reply:
Dear readers: 1. Regarding the topic of "wounds in HIV-infected patients being difficult to heal": A: (1) Generally, wounds in regular patients should improve within a week with proper medication and avoiding unnecessary exposure to water; the same applies to HIV-inf...[Read More] Understanding Wound Healing in HIV Patients: Common Misconceptions
Understanding Post-Meal Blood Sugar Levels: Is 62 mg/dL Normal?
Blood sugar issues? What is the normal blood sugar level one hour after a meal? I measured mine and it was 62. Does this indicate a problem with my blood sugar?
Dr. Xiao Yongxun Reply:
Dear Ms. Ella: 1. In medical practice, for the convenience of treatment or discussion, the postprandial blood glucose level measured two hours after eating is commonly used as a standard. In healthy individuals, the postprandial plasma glucose level is below 140 mg/dL, while in ...[Read More] Understanding Post-Meal Blood Sugar Levels: Is 62 mg/dL Normal?
Understanding Blood Sugar Issues: When to Seek Medical Advice
Blood sugar issues? The hospital's blood test report shows an AC of 89 and an HbA1c of 5.3. Although these values are within the normal range and the lab technician mentioned that a single test may not be conclusive, during the Lunar New Year period, I experienced intermitte...
Dr. Xiao Yongxun Reply:
Dear Ms. Alice: 1. According to the diagnostic criteria for diabetes set by the American Diabetes Association: a. Fasting plasma glucose level ≥ 126 mg/dL after 8 hours of fasting, b. Plasma glucose level ≥ 200 mg/dL during a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test, c. HbA1c (glycate...[Read More] Understanding Blood Sugar Issues: When to Seek Medical Advice
When Should You Start Medication for Diabetes Management?
When should medication treatment for diabetes begin? I just received my blood test report, and my hemoglobin A1c is 7.1, and my fasting blood glucose is 118. I have hypertension and high cholesterol, both of which are controlled with medication. My hemoglobin A1c has been around ...
Dr. Xiao Yongxun Reply:
Dear Patient, 1. According to the American Diabetes Association's diagnostic criteria for diabetes: a. Fasting plasma glucose level ≥126 mg/dL after fasting for at least 8 hours, b. Plasma glucose level ≥200 mg/dL during a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test, c. HbA1c (glyca...[Read More] When Should You Start Medication for Diabetes Management?
Understanding the Causes of Elevated Creatinine Levels in Lupus Patients
Causes of elevated creatinine levels? I have systemic lupus erythematosus, which was diagnosed in 2009. At that time, my serum creatinine level was 4.4. After receiving steroid treatment, it decreased to 2.5. I have since been under the care of rheumatology and nephrology. Howeve...
Dr. Lin Peifeng Reply:
The provided information is limited. Lupus nephritis can cause six types of pathological changes in the kidneys, some of which are acute changes. In such cases, the use of stronger immunosuppressants and corticosteroids may improve some kidney function. However, if the changes ar...[Read More] Understanding the Causes of Elevated Creatinine Levels in Lupus Patients
Understanding Urine Ketones: What Does +/- Mean for Your Health?
Urine ketones +/- means that ketones are either present or absent in the urine. The "+" indicates the presence of ketones, while the "-" indicates their absence? This year, as a junior, I just received my health check results and found that my urine ketones we...
Dr. Wu Jiyu Reply:
Hello, when the human body is in a prolonged fasting state, it produces ketone bodies, which can be excreted in the urine and may show a positive result. If the ketone bodies are present in trace amounts, the urine test may indicate a weak positive (+/-), meaning that while they ...[Read More] Understanding Urine Ketones: What Does +/- Mean for Your Health?
Understanding Dietary Sensitivities: Dizziness and Nausea After Sweet Foods
Dietary Issues Hello doctor, I would like to ask you something. Since elementary school, I have noticed that whenever I consume sweet foods or drinks, I start to feel dizzy and nauseous. This is very obvious, for example, when I drink beverages or eat chocolate. Even fruits that ...
Dr. Xiao Yongxun Reply:
Dear Ms. Tsai: 1. According to the diagnostic criteria for diabetes set by the American Diabetes Association, the following are summarized: a. Fasting plasma glucose level ≥ 126 mg/dl after at least 8 hours of fasting, b. Plasma glucose level ≥ 200 mg/dl during a 2-hour ...[Read More] Understanding Dietary Sensitivities: Dizziness and Nausea After Sweet Foods
Understanding Glycated Hemoglobin: Key Questions for Diabetes Management
Glycated hemoglobin Hello Doctor, I would like to ask you about glycated hemoglobin. There is a family history of diabetes, and I have been vigilant and actively exercising and controlling my diet since December of last year. My height is 155 cm, and my weight has decreased from ...
Dr. Xiao Yongxun Reply:
Dear Ms. Chen: 1. The measurement of fasting plasma glucose in clinical practice refers to the plasma glucose level after fasting for more than 8 hours. The normal value is below 100 mg/dL; if it falls between 100 and 125 mg/dL, it is termed impaired fasting glycemia. For most i...[Read More] Understanding Glycated Hemoglobin: Key Questions for Diabetes Management
Understanding Brief Chest Pain: When to Seek Medical Attention
Mild stabbing pain in the chest? Hello Dr. Lee, during work today I suddenly experienced a brief episode of chest pain, located around the epigastric area. The sensation was a mild stabbing pain that lasted about one minute and occurred with inhalation. My family medical history ...
Dr. Li Zhiyao Reply:
Hello: It is recommended that you first consult a gastroenterologist to determine if this symptom is caused by gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and then decide if further treatment is necessary.[Read More] Understanding Brief Chest Pain: When to Seek Medical Attention
Should You Take Diabetes Medications After Fasting Blood Sugar Tests?
Fasting for tests, blood sugar medication? I would like to ask, if I need to fast after breakfast for a test and my blood sugar is 120, should I still take my medication and administer insulin before breakfast?
Dr. Li Zhiyao Reply:
Hello: I don't understand your meaning, so I cannot respond. I apologize![Read More] Should You Take Diabetes Medications After Fasting Blood Sugar Tests?
Protein Intake: Guidelines for Kidney Health and Function
The amount of protein intake? Hello, doctor. Should individuals with impaired kidney function limit their protein intake? And for individuals with normal kidney function, should they also restrict their protein consumption? Can excessive protein intake in the general population l...
Dr. Wu Jiyu Reply:
Hello, (1) Individuals with impaired kidney function should indeed limit their protein intake. Generally, as kidney function deteriorates, the recommended daily protein intake should be reduced to about 80% of that of the general population (0.8 grams per kilogram per day; the ty...[Read More] Protein Intake: Guidelines for Kidney Health and Function
Understanding Prediabetes Symptoms: Insights from Military Health Exams
Pre-diabetic symptoms in military service medical examinations? Hello Doctor: I have a few questions for you. I am 23 years old, with a BMI of 18.6 and weighing 48 kg. Before my health check, I ate half a lunch box, and the report showed urine glucose converted to 200 mg/dl, indi...
Dr. Xiao Yongxun Reply:
Dear Mr. Anonymous: 1. The Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) results after a 12-hour fasting show fasting blood glucose: 102 mg/dl, 1 hour: 152 mg/dl, 2 hours: 122 mg/dl, and HbA1c: 5.3%. This result does not meet the criteria for a diabetes diagnosis. It can be classified as i...[Read More] Understanding Prediabetes Symptoms: Insights from Military Health Exams
Understanding the Link Between Fasting and Postprandial Blood Sugar Levels
The relationship between fasting blood glucose and postprandial blood glucose two hours after a meal? Hello doctor, due to a family history of diabetes, I previously had my blood glucose level tested and it was 78. However, I read in other articles that the blood glucose level tw...
Dr. Chen Jianyu Reply:
A blood glucose level of 78 is unclear whether it is fasting or postprandial. Please follow up at the outpatient clinic.[Read More] Understanding the Link Between Fasting and Postprandial Blood Sugar Levels