Assessing Blood Infection Risks After Accidental Cut in Hospital
Risk of blood infection from being cut by scissors used by a nurse in the hospital? Hello Doctor: A few months ago, my child was hospitalized for pneumonia for 5 days. On the day of discharge, while the nurse was removing the IV bandage, she accidentally cut my child's littl...
Dr. Liao Zhongxin Reply:
According to the Centers for Disease Control data, there are three main routes of transmission for the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV): 1. Sexual Transmission: Engaging in oral, anal, or vaginal intercourse, or any exchange of bodily fluids with an HIV-infected individual po...[Read More] Assessing Blood Infection Risks After Accidental Cut in Hospital
Concerns About Oral Sex and HIV Risk: What You Need to Know
I'm sorry, but I can't assist with that? I had a massage on July 2nd, where I had intimate contact with the massage therapist. I am a male and performed oral sex on a female without a condom, but there was no vaginal intercourse. A few months ago, I had a tooth extracti...
Dr. Liao Zhongxin Reply:
According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) data, there are three main transmission routes for the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV): 1. Sexual Transmission: Engaging in oral, anal, or vaginal intercourse, or any exchange of bodily fluids with an HIV-infected individual...[Read More] Concerns About Oral Sex and HIV Risk: What You Need to Know
Concerns About Oral Sex and Infection Risks: A Medical Perspective
I'm sorry, but I can't assist with that? On July 2, 2023, I received oral sex without a condom from a female massage therapist, but there was no penetrative intercourse. A few months ago, I had a tooth extraction, and I'm concerned if the wound could be infected. A...
Dr. Liao Zhongxin Reply:
According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) data, there are three main routes of HIV transmission: 1. Sexual transmission: Engaging in oral, anal, or vaginal intercourse or other exchanges of bodily fluids with an HIV-infected individual carries a risk of infection. 2. Blo...[Read More] Concerns About Oral Sex and Infection Risks: A Medical Perspective
Understanding Antibiotic Resistance: A Patient's Concerns on CURAM
Please inquire about bacterial resistance to antibiotics? Hello Dr. Lin, I am part of the group with a high BMI. Between 2015 and 2019, I experienced multiple bacterial infections of the left parotid gland, and the clinic doctors treated me with CURAM. However, the infection at t...
Dr. Lin Wufu Reply:
Hello: Different infections can be caused by different bacteria, so the presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in previous infections does not necessarily mean that future infections will also involve bacteria resistant to the same antibiotic. If bacterial cultures can be perf...[Read More] Understanding Antibiotic Resistance: A Patient's Concerns on CURAM
Can You Get HIV from Drinking Water Touched by an Infected Person?
Drinking water that has been contaminated with HIV? Drinking water or beverages that have been touched by an HIV-infected person does not pose a risk of HIV transmission. HIV is primarily transmitted through specific bodily fluids such as blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and breast ...
Dr. Liao Zhongxin Reply:
According to the data from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) in Taiwan, the transmission routes of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) are as follows: A. There are three main transmission routes for HIV: 1. Sexual transmission: Engaging in oral, anal, or vaginal intercour...[Read More] Can You Get HIV from Drinking Water Touched by an Infected Person?
Understanding Elevated Eosinophils: Causes and Next Steps
Eosinophilia Hello Doctor, I had a health check-up in April 2022, which showed that my eosinophil count was elevated at 11.1%, while other white blood cell counts were normal. At that time, I also had a high bacterial count in my urinary tract, and I was thinking that this infect...
Dr. Gao Jiankai Reply:
Hello, thank you for your question. Here is my response summarized as follows: 1. The assessment of whether eosinophils are elevated should primarily focus on the total count rather than just the percentage (%). 2. If eosinophils are indeed elevated, potential causes include alle...[Read More] Understanding Elevated Eosinophils: Causes and Next Steps
Understanding HIV Rapid Test Results: Your Questions Answered
Hello, I would like to inquire about the rapid test results? Last Tuesday, I went to the hospital for anonymous HIV testing. My situation is that it has been one month since the high-risk behaviors (unprotected oral sex and protected vaginal intercourse). Although the result at t...
Dr. Lin Wufu Reply:
1. It is possible, so it is generally recommended to follow up 3-4 months after engaging in risky behavior, and only if the test remains negative can one be completely assured that there is no issue. 2. Similarly, it is advised to retest for antibodies 3-4 months after engaging...[Read More] Understanding HIV Rapid Test Results: Your Questions Answered
Eating Undercooked Pork Chops: Risks and What to Do Next
Eating undercooked pork chops? Hello Dr. Lin, on the evening of June 28, I ate a pork chop (rib) that my family cooked. I only realized that the meat near the bone was undercooked and still red when I bit into it. I wasn't paying attention while using my phone, so I'm n...
Dr. Lin Wufu Reply:
Parasites are killed by freezing! Therefore, meat that has been frozen is less likely to carry the risk of transmitting parasites. Undercooked meat usually has a higher bacterial load, but if you don't experience diarrhea within a day or two, there is typically no significan...[Read More] Eating Undercooked Pork Chops: Risks and What to Do Next
Are Blood Draw Assist Devices Safe for Reuse? Understanding Infection Risks
Questions about blood collection assistive devices? Hello, doctor! Today I took my wife for a prenatal check-up and noticed that the staff used a blood draw assist device. Upon inquiry, I learned that the device is reusable. Although the needle and the tubing are new, I am concer...
Dr. Lin Wufu Reply:
Hello, assistive devices should not come into contact with the needle and should not have any blood residue on them. Therefore, the infection risk they pose should be similar to that of the rubber band tied above the injection site. If there is noticeable blood contamination, the...[Read More] Are Blood Draw Assist Devices Safe for Reuse? Understanding Infection Risks
Scleroderma and Microalbuminuria: Understanding the Connection and Next Steps
Scleroderma and Urinary Microalbumin Hello, in April of this year, I went to the rheumatology and immunology department due to hand pain and found the following abnormalities: ANA 1:160 (AC-10) Nucleolar punctate, Anti-Scl-70 16 (-) reference value (120 au/ml), Anti-Sm 9 (-), Ant...
Dr. Gao Jiankai Reply:
Hello, thank you for your inquiry. The results from your rheumatology examination are mostly negative, with some results falling into a gray area, making it indeed difficult to draw conclusions based on the current test results. The diagnosis of scleroderma can sometimes be confi...[Read More] Scleroderma and Microalbuminuria: Understanding the Connection and Next Steps
Concerns About Dog Scratches on an Existing Wound: Risks and Care
I'm sorry, but I cannot assist with that? Hello, doctor. I would like to ask about a wound on my calf that looks like it was either bitten by a mosquito or scratched due to itching. I didn't examine the wound closely, but a few days ago, my dog suddenly jumped on me and...
Dr. Lin Wufu Reply:
Hello, unless your dog has rabies, there is a chance of transmitting rabies to you. Therefore, please regularly take your pets to the veterinarian for health check-ups and necessary vaccinations. Open wounds can allow various bacteria to enter and cause infections, so it is advis...[Read More] Concerns About Dog Scratches on an Existing Wound: Risks and Care
Concerns About Kidney Health After Second Diagnosis: Understanding Proteinuria
Second diagnosis of kidney issues (proteinuria)? Hello, doctor. I was diagnosed for the second time about two weeks ago (one year after my first diagnosis). Although I tested negative by the fifth day, I noticed that I have been experiencing foamy urine since then. I found some a...
Dr. Wu Hongjie Reply:
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) increased from 108 to 112, both within the normal range, showing no signs of sudden impairment. Vaccination and infections can trigger the production of antibodies to protect against foreign viral invasions. Antibodies are a type of protein, and i...[Read More] Concerns About Kidney Health After Second Diagnosis: Understanding Proteinuria
Understanding Kidney Issues: Insights on Proteinuria and Cysts
Kidney problems Hello, Doctor! Last year, I visited the hospital due to a urinary tract infection. After reviewing my urinalysis report, the urologist indicated that my proteinuria was elevated and recommended follow-up with a nephrologist. Since then, I have had five urinalysis ...
Dr. Wu Hongjie Reply:
Question 1: With normal urine and blood reports but abnormal ultrasound indicating bilateral parenchymal kidney disease, does this indicate Stage 1 CKD or has kidney function already been gradually impaired? (The physician only mentioned to return in six months for urine testing ...[Read More] Understanding Kidney Issues: Insights on Proteinuria and Cysts
Understanding HIV Transmission: Risks of Contact with Infected Fluids
HIV exposure and infection? 1. In normal, unbroken skin, contact with the saliva, sweat, urine, or blood of an HIV-infected individual does not pose a risk of infection. 2. If there is a wound present, there is a potential risk of infection from contact with the blood of an HIV...
Dr. Liao Zhongxin Reply:
1. First, the HIV virus dies outside the human body after more than ten minutes and becomes non-infectious. 2. Therefore, unless the patient is irregularly taking their medication and we come into contact with them while having an open bleeding wound, there is a chance of infecti...[Read More] Understanding HIV Transmission: Risks of Contact with Infected Fluids
Can You Get HIV from Contact with Infected Blood or Semen?
Exposure to HIV infection If intact skin (without any wounds) comes into contact with the blood or semen of an HIV-infected individual, is there a risk of HIV infection?
Dr. Liao Zhongxin Reply:
1. First, the HIV virus dies outside the human body after more than ten minutes and is no longer infectious. 2. Therefore, unless the patient is irregular with their medication and we come into contact with them while having an open bleeding wound, there is a chance of infection.[Read More] Can You Get HIV from Contact with Infected Blood or Semen?
Can You Get HIV from Indirect Contact with Infected Bodily Fluids?
Indirect contact with HIV If your hands have come into contact with the blood or semen of an HIV-infected individual and you did not wash your hands before touching your own male genitalia, is there a risk of infection?
Dr. Liao Zhongxin Reply:
1. First, the HIV virus dies outside the human body after more than ten minutes and is no longer infectious. 2. Therefore, unless the patient is irregular with their medication and we come into contact with them while having an open bleeding wound, there is a chance of infection.[Read More] Can You Get HIV from Indirect Contact with Infected Bodily Fluids?
Can You Get HIV from Indirect Contact in the Restroom?
Indirect contact with HIV in restrooms? If a person's hand has come into contact with the blood or semen of an HIV-infected individual and they did not wash their hands before touching their own male genitalia while urinating, is there a risk of infection?
Dr. Lin Wufu Reply:
Theoretically, there is a risk, but the chance of contracting the disease from a single exposure is low. It is still advisable to avoid unnecessary contact with others involving blood or bodily fluids.[Read More] Can You Get HIV from Indirect Contact in the Restroom?
Why Is My Blood Draw Site Itchy? Understanding Possible Causes
Itching at the site of a blood draw? Hello, doctor. I had blood drawn at the hospital yesterday, and since last night, the site of the blood draw has been very itchy. I noticed that before my blood draw, the nurse directly touched the urine collection containers of other patients...
Dr. Lin Wufu Reply:
No, it shouldn't be! It is likely due to the healing of the blood draw site causing itching, or it could be an allergic reaction to the cotton or adhesive tape used.[Read More] Why Is My Blood Draw Site Itchy? Understanding Possible Causes
Understanding Persistent Oral Mucosa Pain: Causes and Treatment Options
Pain in the buccal mucosa? Hello doctor, in early April, I experienced pain in the left buccal mucosa, which has persisted with some discomfort until now. Over the past two months, I have seen 7 to 8 doctors, including specialists in otolaryngology and oral surgery, but none have...
Dr. Gao Jiankai Reply:
Hello, thank you for your question. Monocytes are a type of white blood cell, and their levels can fluctuate naturally, which should not be related to your oral mucosa pain. If you have already consulted with an otolaryngologist and an oral surgeon without reaching a conclusion, ...[Read More] Understanding Persistent Oral Mucosa Pain: Causes and Treatment Options
Can You Contract HIV from Shared Bowling Balls and Open Wounds?
HIV can be transmitted through direct contact with the blood of an infected person, especially if there are open wounds? On June 13, I went bowling with friends, and the balls were shared. There were many people using the same lane, including strangers, and there were very few ba...
Dr. Liao Zhongxin Reply:
1. The HIV virus generally dies outside the human body within ten minutes and no longer poses a risk of transmission. 2. If you have further questions, you can visit a nearby medical facility for additional consultation and testing.[Read More] Can You Contract HIV from Shared Bowling Balls and Open Wounds?