Understanding Pap Smear Guidelines: Do You Need One Without Sexual Experience?
Pap smear examination (cervical cytology) Hello, I would like to ask: (1) I know that "anyone who has had sexual intercourse should have a Pap smear once a year," but I have heard some doctors say that "a Pap smear is only necessary after having sexual experience f...
Dr. Li Guanghan Reply:
Hello: 1. The first Pap smear should be performed within three years after the first sexual intercourse; if the results are normal, it should be done annually thereafter. 2. There is almost no risk of cervical cancer without sexual activity. 3. If there is no sexual activity, a P...[Read More] Understanding Pap Smear Guidelines: Do You Need One Without Sexual Experience?
Understanding Abnormal Pap Smear Results and Unusual Discharge in Women
Regarding Pap smear examination issues? The usual discharge is a dark yellow color, and while it remains clean and does not have a strong odor, there is a strong fishy smell after intercourse with my husband. Previously, I had a Pap smear at the hospital that showed mild abnormal...
Dr. Li Guanghan Reply:
Hello: 1. If vaginal discharge has a fishy odor, it may indicate bacterial vaginosis, which should be treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics. A Pap smear should be performed after recovery for accurate results. 2. May I ask what the report of your cervical biopsy indicates? &quo...[Read More] Understanding Abnormal Pap Smear Results and Unusual Discharge in Women
Managing Stage 1A Cervical Cancer: Hysterectomy or Cone Biopsy?
How should stage 1A cervical cancer be managed? I was recently diagnosed with stage 1a cervical cancer, with an invasion depth of 1mm. Do I need to have my uterus removed, or is a cone biopsy sufficient? Will I need radiation or chemotherapy?
Dr. Li Guanghan Reply:
Hello: If the small biopsy shows an invasion depth of only 1mm, a larger biopsy (cervical conization) should be performed to determine if there are any deeper invasive lesions. For Stage Ia1 cervical cancer, it is generally recommended to perform a total hysterectomy or a modifie...[Read More] Managing Stage 1A Cervical Cancer: Hysterectomy or Cone Biopsy?
Can Oral Sex Cause Oral Cancer? Understanding HPV Risks
Can oral sex also lead to oral cancer? A few days ago, I saw a large headline in an email from a friend that read—"Oral Sex Can Also Cause Oral Cancer!" The content mentioned that the Tri-Service General Hospital has discovered that oral sex can lead to oral cancer. Hum...
Dr. Mao Yikun Reply:
Oral sex can potentially lead to the transmission of human papillomavirus types 16 and 18, which may result in oral cancer.[Read More] Can Oral Sex Cause Oral Cancer? Understanding HPV Risks
Understanding Pap Smears: Costs and Importance for Young Women
Pap smear examination I started having sexual intercourse at the age of thirteen and was sexually abused several times when I was around five years old. Now, I have had sexual relations with more than ten boys and I am very concerned about the risk of cervical cancer and HIV due ...
Dr. Chen Xuhui Reply:
Early sexual activity and multiple sexual partners do indeed increase the risk of cervical cancer. Whether the health insurance covers cervical cytology screening can be determined at the discretion of the obstetrician-gynecologist.[Read More] Understanding Pap Smears: Costs and Importance for Young Women
Understanding Birth Control Pills: Effects on Breast Size and Cancer Risks
Birth control pills Hello Dr. Cheng, I heard that gynecomastia in men is caused by excessive secretion of estrogen, and after gender reassignment surgery (male to female), estrogen is taken to enhance breast size. Can this method be used to increase breast size in women who want ...
Dr. Li Guanghan Reply:
Hello: The estrogen dosage in contraceptive pills is very low, so the most you might experience is some breast tenderness. Currently, contraceptive pills are not used to prevent cervical cancer due to their significant side effects, unless they are being used for contraception. D...[Read More] Understanding Birth Control Pills: Effects on Breast Size and Cancer Risks
Understanding Abnormal Bleeding After Masturbation: Causes and Concerns
Hemorrhage Hello, doctor. I would like to ask you a few questions. Recently, I have experienced bleeding after masturbation, although there was no vaginal penetration. The amount of blood is not much, but sometimes there are blood clots. Last month, I bled for 9 days without stop...
Dr. Chen Nengjin Reply:
Hello, Zero: Abnormal vaginal bleeding may be caused by the following three conditions: 1. Trauma 2. Inflammatory changes 3. Tumor changes. To ensure accurate diagnosis and treatment, please take the time to visit our obstetrics and gynecology outpatient clinic for further evalua...[Read More] Understanding Abnormal Bleeding After Masturbation: Causes and Concerns
Understanding Cancer Risks and Overcoming Fear of Medical Exams
Fearful of having cancer? My grandmother had cervical cancer during her lifetime. My father recently passed away due to colon cancer. My sister has also had ovarian cysts and endometriosis. Does this mean that our family has a higher risk of developing cancer? Additionally, I wan...
Dr. Zhao Chengxiang Reply:
Your grandmother had cervical cancer before she passed away, and your father was recently diagnosed with colorectal cancer. This family history may slightly increase your risk of developing cancer. If you have been sexually active, it is advisable to have a Pap smear every year. ...[Read More] Understanding Cancer Risks and Overcoming Fear of Medical Exams
Understanding the Link Between Cervical Inflammation, Erosion, and Cancer Risk
excuse me? Cervical inflammation and cervical erosion can gradually progress to precancerous changes due to persistent infection, particularly with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types. Chronic inflammation can lead to cellular changes in the cervical epithelium, which may ...
Dr. Mao Yikun Reply:
Hello: The exact causes of cervical cancer are not very clear. Cervical inflammation and cervical erosion may often stimulate cells, leading to cellular degeneration.[Read More] Understanding the Link Between Cervical Inflammation, Erosion, and Cancer Risk
Understanding Vaginal Bleeding: Causes and Concerns for Women
Vaginal bleeding Recently, I've been experiencing bleeding from the vagina when I have a bowel movement. What could this be? I'm a bit worried... Could it be cervical cancer?!
Dr. Chen Nengjin Reply:
Hello, thank you for your message: Abnormal vaginal bleeding should be evaluated by a healthcare professional to determine the underlying issue. Your condition requires you to visit a nearby medical facility for diagnosis and to undergo a Pap smear to ensure your health is mainta...[Read More] Understanding Vaginal Bleeding: Causes and Concerns for Women
Understanding the Link Between Cervical Inflammation and Pelvic Pain
Cervical cancer or pelvic inflammatory disease? I have some questions for the doctor. I am married and have one child, with a stable partner. Recently, I have been experiencing vaginal dryness and occasional dull pain on both sides of my lower abdomen near the uterus. I previousl...
Dr. Li Guanghan Reply:
Hello: Recurrent cervicovaginitis and bilateral ovarian-tubal pain can easily lead to pelvic inflammatory disease, so you need to receive treatment at the hospital for a longer period. Additionally, ensure you get plenty of sleep and stay hydrated, and avoid wearing tight pants. ...[Read More] Understanding the Link Between Cervical Inflammation and Pelvic Pain
Understanding Uterine Necrosis: Symptoms, Healing, and Treatment Options
Uterine necrosis 1. Can uterine laceration cause bleeding? 2. Can uterine laceration heal on its own? 3. Is special treatment necessary?
Dr. Zhuang Zhijian Reply:
What you refer to as uterine erosion is likely cervical erosion. It has the potential to cause bleeding and may even be a precursor to cervical cancer. The chances of spontaneous healing are low, so it is best to seek medical treatment at a hospital. It is especially important to...[Read More] Understanding Uterine Necrosis: Symptoms, Healing, and Treatment Options
Understanding Abnormal Bleeding During Intercourse: Causes and Concerns
Abnormal bleeding Doctor, I have experienced heavy bleeding during intercourse twice, but the bleeding stops after intercourse. However, I do have abdominal pain. I am planning to get a Pap smear, but before the test, I would like to know if there is a possibility of cervical les...
Dr. Zhan Deqin Reply:
Post-coital bleeding can have many causes, including cervical lesions, which require a thorough examination for accurate diagnosis. However, given your age, the likelihood of cervical cancer is quite low.[Read More] Understanding Abnormal Bleeding During Intercourse: Causes and Concerns
Can Three Years of Sexual Activity Lead to Stage 1 Cervical Cancer?
Please ask your question? If it has been three years since the onset of sexual activity, is it possible to develop stage I or lower cervical cancer?
Dr. Zhan Deqin Reply:
Opportunities are indeed very rare.[Read More] Can Three Years of Sexual Activity Lead to Stage 1 Cervical Cancer?
Understanding Vaginal Bleeding: Causes and Concerns for Young Women
Vaginal bleeding Hello doctor, I am a 21-year-old female. I have noticed that after masturbation or intercourse, I sometimes experience a very small amount of blood discharge that lasts for about 2 to 3 days. The amount is really minimal, and it doesn't happen every time, bu...
Dr. Wu Linting Reply:
Postcoital bleeding may originate from the vagina, cervix, uterus, or endometrium, and a pelvic examination is necessary to determine the source. It is not necessarily cervical cancer, but a Pap smear can be performed to rule out this possibility.[Read More] Understanding Vaginal Bleeding: Causes and Concerns for Young Women
Understanding Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding: Causes and Concerns
Genital bleeding Hello Doctor: My menstrual period usually comes at the end of each month, but recently on June 22, I experienced bleeding after having sexual intercourse with my boyfriend. Could this be related to ovulation? The doctor prescribed Provera for me on June 26, and I...
Dr. Mao Yikun Reply:
Hello: Irregular menstrual cycles are related to lifestyle habits. Birth control pills also affect the menstrual cycle. There are many symptoms of cervical cancer, so it is best to have a Pap smear test once a year.[Read More] Understanding Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding: Causes and Concerns
Understanding Inflammation in Pap Smear Results: What You Need to Know
The smear test results indicate inflammation? Hello, doctor. I recently had a Pap smear test. On the day of the examination, the doctor informed me that my cervix showed some erosion, signs of inflammation, and a bit of discharge. After a week of treatment, I returned to review t...
Dr. Zhan Deqin Reply:
The so-called cervical erosion in young people is actually just the eversion of the columnar epithelium of the cervix; it is not truly eroded. Typically, this is not a disease but a normal condition. A Pap smear result of grade two indicates mild cellular inflammation or reactive...[Read More] Understanding Inflammation in Pap Smear Results: What You Need to Know
Understanding Menopause: Is It Normal for Periods to Return?
Menopause issues Hello, I would like to ask a question. My mother is 47 years old and experienced premature menopause before the age of 40. She went to the hospital for examination at that time, but no cause was found. However, two months ago, my mother discovered that her menstr...
Dr. Lin Manying Reply:
Hello: Menopause before the age of 35 is referred to as premature ovarian failure, and the causes may be unknown. Possible factors include genetics, radiation or chemotherapy, surgery, ovarian inflammation, and autoimmune disorders. If natural menstruation has not occurred for ov...[Read More] Understanding Menopause: Is It Normal for Periods to Return?
Concerns About Excessive Discharge and Cervical Cancer Risk
I have had a problem with excessive secretion for many years? Hello! Since I started my menstrual cycle, I have experienced excessive discharge that is yellow in color. I have seen several doctors, but there has been no improvement. A few days ago, I visited a doctor again, and a...
Dr. Mao Yikun Reply:
Hello: Bacterial infections are not significantly related to cervical cancer, so there is no need to worry too much.[Read More] Concerns About Excessive Discharge and Cervical Cancer Risk
Understanding Vaginal Discharge: Concerns and Treatment Options
Please teach me how to do it? Hello Doctor: I often have issues with vaginal discharge. Sometimes it appears yellow and has an unusual odor, and at times the amount is quite excessive, which is really bothersome. I visited a gynecologist, but the doctor told me that vaginal disch...
Dr. Zhao Chengxiang Reply:
Normal vaginal discharge is physiological, especially more abundant around ovulation. If there are no discomforts, treatment is not necessary. Individuals with a colder constitution may experience more discharge. Additionally, consuming very cold foods, excessive fatigue, and lat...[Read More] Understanding Vaginal Discharge: Concerns and Treatment Options