Nutrition Tips for Stage II Breast Cancer: What to Eat Before and During Chemotherapy

For stage II breast cancer, what dietary recommendations should be followed?

My mother went to see the results of her breast biopsy today, and the doctor said that cancer cells have spread to the axillary lymph nodes.
The doctor recommended that she undergo chemotherapy first before having a mastectomy, so they can monitor whether the cancer cells in the axillary lymph nodes are cleared, which may allow them to avoid removing the lymph nodes as well.
I have heard from friends and online sources that breast cancer patients should try to eat low-fat foods.
Now we are waiting for her hospitalization for chemotherapy.
How can she strengthen her body before the chemotherapy? Won't that promote the growth of cancer cells? During the chemotherapy period, aside from avoiding raw foods, she needs to regain her strength.
Is it okay for her to drink chicken soup?

Lin Hua-tian, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2016/08/16

Dr. Wu Jianting reply Breast and Thyroid

Based on the consultation with our nutritionist, the recommendations are as follows:
1.
It is advised to avoid saturated fats and high-fat foods.
This includes animal fats and skin, as well as fried and processed foods that are high in fat content.
Most restaurant meals are often cooked with lard.

2.
During the treatment period, it is essential to consume adequate calories and monitor your weight.

3.
Ensure sufficient protein intake to slow down the rate of lean body mass loss and enhance immune function, which is beneficial for the successful completion of treatment.
Protein-rich foods include pork, chicken, duck, beef, fish, seafood, soy products, and eggs.

4.
Broths such as chicken soup, fish soup, and beef broth primarily contain fats and electrolytes; the meat itself provides protein.
It is important to avoid only drinking the broth without consuming the meat.

We hope this information is helpful.
Thank you for your inquiry.

Reply Date: 2016/08/16

More Info

Nutrition plays a crucial role in the management of breast cancer, particularly during chemotherapy. Your mother’s situation, where cancer cells have spread to the axillary lymph nodes, necessitates a careful approach to her diet both before and during chemotherapy. Here are some key nutritional tips and considerations to help support her health during this challenging time.

Pre-Chemotherapy Nutrition
1. Focus on Balanced Nutrition: Before starting chemotherapy, it’s essential to ensure that your mother’s diet is well-balanced. This means incorporating a variety of food groups, including:
- Proteins: Lean meats (chicken, turkey), fish, eggs, legumes, and dairy products. Protein is vital for maintaining muscle mass and supporting the immune system.

- Whole Grains: Foods like brown rice, quinoa, and whole-grain bread provide necessary carbohydrates and fiber, which can help with digestion and energy levels.

- Fruits and Vegetables: Aim for a colorful variety, as different colors often represent different nutrients. Leafy greens, berries, and cruciferous vegetables (like broccoli and cauliflower) are particularly beneficial due to their antioxidant properties.

- Healthy Fats: Incorporate sources of healthy fats such as avocados, nuts, seeds, and olive oil, while avoiding trans fats and excessive saturated fats.

2. Hydration: Staying well-hydrated is crucial. Encourage her to drink plenty of fluids, primarily water, herbal teas, and broths. Proper hydration can help manage some side effects of chemotherapy and support overall health.

3. Avoid Processed Foods: It’s advisable to limit processed foods, refined sugars, and high-fat foods, as these can contribute to inflammation and may not provide the nutrients needed for recovery.

During Chemotherapy
1. Nutritional Needs: Chemotherapy can lead to side effects such as nausea, fatigue, and changes in taste, which can affect appetite. It’s important to monitor her caloric intake and ensure she is consuming enough nutrients to support her body during treatment. If she struggles with eating enough, consider high-calorie nutritional supplements like Ensure or Boost.

2. Protein-Rich Foods: During chemotherapy, protein needs may increase. Encourage her to include protein-rich foods in every meal and snack. This can help mitigate muscle loss and support immune function.

3. Soups and Broths: Chicken soup or broth can be a comforting and nutritious option. It provides hydration and can be easier to consume if she experiences nausea. Adding vegetables and proteins to the soup can enhance its nutritional value.

4. Avoid Raw Foods: As her immune system may be compromised during chemotherapy, it’s crucial to avoid raw or undercooked foods, including salads, sushi, and unpasteurized dairy products, to reduce the risk of foodborne illnesses.

5. Small, Frequent Meals: If her appetite is low, encourage her to eat smaller, more frequent meals rather than three large ones. This can help manage nausea and make it easier to consume adequate nutrition throughout the day.

6. Monitor Symptoms: Keep track of any side effects she experiences and adjust her diet accordingly. For instance, if she has mouth sores, soft foods may be more tolerable.

Conclusion
In summary, your mother’s nutritional strategy should focus on a balanced diet rich in proteins, whole grains, fruits, and vegetables while avoiding processed and high-fat foods. Staying hydrated and consuming comforting foods like chicken soup can help her maintain strength and manage side effects during chemotherapy. It’s also essential to work closely with her healthcare team, including a registered dietitian, to tailor her nutritional plan to her specific needs and preferences. This proactive approach can help support her overall health and well-being during treatment.

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