Is Goat Milk Safe for Babies Under One Year Old? Expert Insights

Is it good for infants under one year old to drink goat milk formula?

Hello, doctor.
My baby is currently over seven months old.
From one to six months, he was primarily breastfed with some formula made from goat's milk.
Now that he is seven months old, I am gradually reducing the amount of breast milk and increasing the amount of goat's milk while also introducing solid foods, but goat's milk is still the main source.
Recently, I saw reports stating that it is best not to give goat's milk before the age of one because 1.
it lacks folic acid, and 2.
it can increase the burden on the kidneys.
Is this true? Should I switch to a different milk? He seems to be doing well with it.
Should I supplement any specific nutrients? Thank you for your response.

Xinshou Mama, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2003/04/15

Dr. Zhang Peixin reply Pediatrics

Hello! 1.
Exclusive breastfeeding is no longer sufficient to meet the needs of infants aged 4-6 months, so the introduction of complementary foods is necessary.
The addition of foods should be based on the infant's physiological maturity and should aim for a balanced intake of various nutrients.
The health department has prepared relevant materials that include different foods for various age groups and daily recommended amounts, which can be obtained from health centers or public hospitals.
2.
Carlotani is a specially processed infant formula that meets nutritional and caloric needs.
Unlike unprocessed goat's milk, which may cause macrocytic anemia, it can be continued safely.
Best wishes for health from Dr.
Zhang Pei-Hsin, Pediatrics, Taoyuan Hospital, Department of Health, Executive Yuan.

Reply Date: 2003/04/15

More Info

When it comes to feeding infants and toddlers, especially regarding the choice between goat milk and other milk options, there are several important considerations to keep in mind. Your question about the safety of goat milk for babies under one year old is quite relevant, especially given the nutritional needs of infants during this critical growth period.

Firstly, it is essential to understand that goat milk, while it has some nutritional benefits, is not recommended as a primary milk source for infants under one year old. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) advises that infants should be exclusively breastfed or formula-fed for the first six months of life, and after that, they can gradually start to incorporate solid foods while continuing to receive breast milk or formula until at least one year of age.
One of the primary concerns with goat milk for infants is its nutritional profile. Goat milk lacks sufficient amounts of certain essential nutrients that are crucial for infants, particularly folate (the natural form of folic acid), which is vital for DNA synthesis and cell division. A deficiency in folate can lead to anemia and other health issues. Additionally, goat milk is lower in vitamin D and iron compared to fortified infant formulas. These nutrients are critical for an infant's growth and development, particularly for bone health and overall metabolic functions.

Another concern is the potential for increased renal load. Goat milk has a higher protein and mineral content than human breast milk or infant formula. This can put additional strain on an infant's immature kidneys, which may not be fully developed to handle the increased workload. Over time, excessive protein and mineral intake can lead to dehydration and other kidney-related issues.

If your baby is currently seven months old and has been consuming goat milk as a significant part of their diet, it may be wise to consider transitioning to a more appropriate milk source. Infant formulas are specifically designed to meet the nutritional needs of infants, providing a balanced mix of proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals. If you are looking for alternatives, consider using iron-fortified infant formula or continuing breastfeeding if possible.

In terms of supplementation, if you decide to continue with goat milk for any reason, it is crucial to ensure that your baby receives adequate amounts of folate and iron from other dietary sources. Foods rich in iron include pureed meats, beans, lentils, and iron-fortified cereals. Additionally, incorporating fruits and vegetables high in vitamin C can help enhance iron absorption.

Lastly, always consult with your pediatrician or a qualified healthcare provider before making any significant changes to your baby's diet. They can provide personalized recommendations based on your child's specific health needs and growth patterns.
In summary, while goat milk can be a part of a child's diet after the age of one, it is not advisable for infants under one year due to its nutritional deficiencies and potential renal load. Transitioning to an iron-fortified formula or continuing breastfeeding would be the best course of action to ensure your baby receives the necessary nutrients for healthy growth and development.

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