Acute Milk Allergy: Symptoms, Tests, and Management

Acute milk allergy

I have never had an allergic reaction to milk or dairy products until recently, when I started experiencing redness, swelling, and itching in my mouth upon contact with even a small amount of milk.
In severe cases, I feel difficulty breathing.
I would like to know if, aside from allergy testing, there are other examinations I should undergo.
I am concerned that there may be an issue with my immune system, as I previously had no symptoms when consuming dairy.
If further testing is needed, what type should I consider? Additionally, I would like to know if food allergies can be cured, or if the only option is to avoid the allergenic foods.
Thank you!

Xiao Xiaojie, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2021/08/09

Dr. Zheng Jueyi reply Otolaryngology

Hello, it is recommended to temporarily avoid drinking milk and to consult the Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology, and Immunology for an examination.
Wishing you peace and good health.
Sincerely, Dr.
Cheng Jue-Yi, Director of the Department of Otolaryngology, Taoyuan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare.

Reply Date: 2021/08/09

More Info

Acute milk allergy is a significant concern for many individuals, particularly those who have previously consumed dairy products without any adverse reactions. The sudden onset of symptoms such as swelling, itching, and respiratory difficulties upon exposure to milk can be alarming and warrants a thorough understanding of the condition, including its diagnosis and management.

Symptoms of Milk Allergy
Milk allergy can manifest in various ways, often affecting the skin, gastrointestinal tract, and respiratory system. Common symptoms include:
- Skin Reactions: Hives, redness, and swelling, particularly around the mouth and face.

- Gastrointestinal Symptoms: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or abdominal cramps.

- Respiratory Issues: Nasal congestion, wheezing, or difficulty breathing, which can be severe in some cases.

Given your recent experiences, it’s crucial to recognize that these symptoms can escalate quickly and may require immediate medical attention, especially if breathing becomes difficult.

Diagnosis
The primary method for diagnosing a milk allergy is through allergen testing, which can include skin prick tests or specific IgE blood tests. These tests help determine if your immune system is reacting to proteins found in milk. However, since you mentioned that you have recently developed these symptoms after years of tolerance, it may also be beneficial to undergo additional evaluations:
1. Oral Food Challenge: This is considered the gold standard for diagnosing food allergies. Under medical supervision, you would consume small amounts of milk to observe any allergic reactions.

2. Immunological Tests: If there is concern about broader immune system issues, tests to assess overall immune function may be warranted. This could include checking levels of immunoglobulins or conducting a complete blood count (CBC).

3. Elimination Diet: Working with a healthcare provider, you might consider an elimination diet where you remove milk and dairy products from your diet for a period and then gradually reintroduce them to monitor for reactions.

Management
Currently, there is no definitive cure for food allergies, including milk allergy. The primary management strategy is strict avoidance of the allergen. This means reading labels carefully and being aware of cross-contamination in food preparation.
In some cases, individuals may outgrow their milk allergy, particularly children, but this is not guaranteed. Regular follow-ups with an allergist can help monitor the situation and determine if re-testing is appropriate after a period of avoidance.

Long-term Considerations
If you are concerned about your immune system's health, it is advisable to discuss this with your healthcare provider. They may recommend further testing or refer you to an immunologist if there are signs of systemic issues.
In summary, while food allergies can be distressing, understanding the symptoms, undergoing appropriate testing, and adhering to management strategies can help you navigate this condition effectively. Always consult with healthcare professionals for personalized advice and treatment plans tailored to your specific situation.

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