Can Low-Frequency Electrotherapy Help Alleviate Ankylosing Spondylitis Pain?

Symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis, can low-frequency electrical stimulation therapy improve them?

Hello, Doctor.
I am a 20-year-old male patient with ankylosing spondylitis.
My main issue is pain in the lower back (not reaching the buttocks).
Currently, I am taking Celebrex and exercising more to manage the pain, which has improved by about 70%.
The pain after improvement does not affect my daily life or general sports activities, but I still often feel that mild pain during exercise (although it is considered mild).
I know that increasing the medication dosage could help alleviate the remaining pain, but if I prefer not to rely on a higher dosage, I would like to ask the doctor: would purchasing a low-frequency therapy device to use at home for electrical stimulation on my lower back help improve the remaining pain? Would you recommend this approach? Is it effective? Thank you, Doctor.

Zhengzhong, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2022/12/15

Dr. Zeng Guosen reply Internal Medicine

Hello, if the back pain is caused by ankylosing spondylitis, a low-frequency electrotherapy device may be ineffective.
However, it might be beneficial for superficial myofascial muscle soreness.
You could give it a try.
For further use of the low-frequency electrotherapy device, you may also discuss it with a rehabilitation specialist.
Thank you for your question.

Reply Date: 2022/12/15

More Info

Low-frequency electrotherapy, particularly through devices like TENS (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation) or low-frequency electrotherapy units, has gained popularity as a non-invasive method to manage pain, including conditions like ankylosing spondylitis (AS). AS is a chronic inflammatory disease primarily affecting the spine and the sacroiliac joints, leading to pain and stiffness. While your current management with medication and exercise has shown a significant improvement, it is understandable that you are seeking additional methods to alleviate the remaining mild discomfort.

Mechanism of Low-Frequency Electrotherapy
Low-frequency electrotherapy works by delivering electrical impulses to the skin through electrodes. These impulses can help in several ways:
1. Pain Modulation: The electrical stimulation can interfere with the transmission of pain signals to the brain, effectively reducing the perception of pain. This is often referred to as the "gate control theory" of pain, where the stimulation of non-painful input can close the "gates" to painful input.

2. Muscle Relaxation: The electrical impulses can stimulate muscle contractions, which may help in reducing muscle tension and promoting relaxation. This can be particularly beneficial for individuals with AS, as muscle tightness often accompanies pain.

3. Improved Circulation: Electrotherapy may enhance blood flow to the affected areas, promoting healing and reducing inflammation.

Efficacy in Ankylosing Spondylitis
While there is some evidence supporting the use of electrotherapy for various musculoskeletal conditions, the specific efficacy of low-frequency electrotherapy in ankylosing spondylitis is less well-documented. However, many patients report subjective improvements in pain levels and overall comfort when using such devices. It is important to note that the effectiveness can vary from person to person.

Recommendations
1. Consultation with Healthcare Provider: Before purchasing a low-frequency electrotherapy device, it is advisable to consult with your healthcare provider or a physical therapist. They can provide guidance on the appropriate settings and techniques for your specific condition.

2. Device Selection: If you decide to proceed, choose a reputable device that allows for adjustable settings. This will enable you to tailor the treatment to your comfort level and pain intensity.

3. Complementary Approach: Consider using electrotherapy as a complementary approach alongside your current treatment regimen. It should not replace prescribed medications or physical therapy but can serve as an adjunct to enhance pain relief.

4. Monitoring Effects: Keep track of your pain levels and any changes in symptoms when using the device. This information can be valuable for discussions with your healthcare provider regarding the effectiveness of the treatment.

5. Exercise and Physical Therapy: Continue with your exercise regimen and physical therapy, as these are crucial components in managing ankylosing spondylitis. They help maintain flexibility and strength, which are essential in reducing pain and preventing further complications.

Conclusion
In summary, low-frequency electrotherapy may provide some relief for the residual pain associated with ankylosing spondylitis. While it is not a cure, it can be a useful tool in your pain management arsenal. Always prioritize safety and efficacy by consulting with healthcare professionals before starting any new treatment modality. Your proactive approach to managing your condition is commendable, and with the right strategies, you can continue to improve your quality of life.

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