Flat Feet: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

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Doctor, I apologize for bothering you, but I have a question.
I have flat feet in both of my feet, with an angle of 166 degrees.
However, after standing for just 5 to 10 minutes, my feet start to feel sore.
When I squat, the heels of my feet also begin to ache.
After climbing stairs just two or three times, my feet become painful, and when I wake up, both of my feet feel numb.
When I bring my feet together, I feel unstable.
Is this O-shaped legs? Given my ongoing issues, I would like to ask if I have a condition like hypermobility syndrome or flatfoot syndrome? I'm puzzled because I'm 21, almost 22 years old.
What treatment would be appropriate for me?

A Zhi, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2004/06/27

Dr. Shi Qiming reply Orthopedics

Dear A-Zhi,
Generally, a flat foot with an angle of 166 degrees should not cause pain after standing for five to ten minutes, and your symptoms do not seem directly related to this condition.
If your job requires prolonged standing, walking, squatting, or excessive stair climbing, it could lead to symptoms similar to yours, such as pain while standing, squatting, climbing stairs, or waking up with numbness and pain in the feet.
If you find it difficult to stand steadily with both feet together, it is necessary to visit a clinic to determine if you have bow legs (genu varum) or knock knees (genu valgum).
As for whether there is weakness or flatfoot, a comprehensive examination from orthopedics, neurology, and internal medicine (metabolic disorders) is required.
Orthopedics Department, Hsinchu Hospital, Department of Health, Executive Yuan

Reply Date: 2004/06/27

More Info

Flat feet, or pes planus, is a common condition where the arches of the feet are flattened, allowing the entire foot to make contact with the ground. This condition can lead to various symptoms and complications, particularly when standing or engaging in physical activities. Let's explore the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for flat feet, especially in the context of your experiences.

Causes of Flat Feet
Flat feet can be caused by several factors, including:
1. Genetics: A family history of flat feet can increase the likelihood of developing the condition.

2. Developmental Factors: Some individuals may be born with flat feet, while others may develop them as they grow.

3. Injury: Trauma to the foot or ankle can lead to the collapse of the arch.

4. Age: As people age, the tendons and ligaments in the foot may weaken, leading to flat feet.

5. Obesity: Excess weight can put additional stress on the feet, contributing to the flattening of the arches.

6. Medical Conditions: Certain conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis or diabetes, can affect the structure of the foot.

Symptoms of Flat Feet
Individuals with flat feet may experience a variety of symptoms, including:
- Foot Pain: Discomfort or pain in the arch, heel, or ball of the foot, especially after prolonged standing or walking.

- Leg Pain: Pain in the legs, particularly in the calves, due to altered gait mechanics.

- Knee and Hip Pain: Misalignment caused by flat feet can lead to discomfort in the knees and hips.

- Fatigue: Increased fatigue in the feet and legs after standing or walking for short periods.

- Numbness or Tingling: Some individuals report a sensation of numbness or tingling in the feet, particularly after resting.

Treatment Options
If you are experiencing pain and discomfort due to flat feet, several treatment options may help alleviate your symptoms:
1. Orthotic Devices: Custom or over-the-counter arch supports can provide additional support to the foot's arch, helping to distribute weight more evenly and reduce pain.

2. Footwear: Wearing shoes with good arch support and cushioning can make a significant difference. Avoid flat shoes or those without support.

3. Physical Therapy: A physical therapist can design a program of exercises to strengthen the muscles in your feet and legs, improve flexibility, and enhance overall foot function.

4. Stretching Exercises: Regularly stretching the calf muscles and Achilles tendon can help relieve tension and improve mobility.

5. Weight Management: If applicable, maintaining a healthy weight can reduce stress on your feet and improve symptoms.

6. Medication: Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen), can help manage pain and inflammation.

7. Surgery: In severe cases where conservative treatments fail, surgical options may be considered to correct structural issues in the foot.

Conclusion
Given your symptoms of pain after standing for short periods, difficulty with stairs, and sensations of numbness, it is essential to consult a healthcare professional, such as a podiatrist or orthopedic specialist. They can conduct a thorough evaluation, including physical examinations and possibly imaging studies, to assess the severity of your flat feet and recommend appropriate treatment options tailored to your needs.

Additionally, regarding your concern about O-shaped legs (bow legs), this condition is different from flat feet but can coexist. A healthcare provider can help determine if there is any correlation between your leg alignment and flat feet.

In summary, while flat feet can lead to discomfort and pain, various treatment options are available to help manage symptoms and improve your quality of life. Early intervention is key, so seeking professional advice is crucial for effective management.

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