Flat Feet in Children: Risks, Treatments, and Surgery Options - Orthopedics

More Info

---

Flat feet, or pes planus, is a common condition in children where the arches of the feet are either absent or not fully developed. This condition can lead to various complications, including pain in the feet, ankles, knees, and even the hips and lower back. Understanding the risks, treatments, and surgical options available for flat feet in children is crucial for parents who want to ensure their child's well-being.


1. Risks of Surgery and Impact on Growth
When considering surgery for flat feet, particularly the insertion of an endorthesis (a type of internal brace), it is essential to understand the potential risks involved. Surgical procedures, like any other medical intervention, come with inherent risks such as infection, bleeding, nerve damage, and complications related to anesthesia.
In terms of growth, there is concern that surgery on the feet could potentially affect the growth plates, especially in younger children. However, when performed by a skilled pediatric orthopedic surgeon, the risks can be minimized. The surgeon will take care to avoid damaging the growth plates, which are crucial for the development of the bones. It is essential to have a thorough discussion with the surgeon about these risks and the specific techniques they will use to mitigate them.


2. Hospitals Offering Surgery
The availability of surgical options for flat feet can vary by region. Major hospitals with pediatric orthopedic departments typically offer these services. It is advisable to seek out hospitals that have specialized pediatric orthopedic surgeons with experience in treating flat feet. Some well-known institutions in the United States include:
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
- Boston Children's Hospital
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
- Texas Children's Hospital
Before proceeding, it is recommended to consult with your child's primary care physician or a pediatric orthopedic specialist who can provide referrals to reputable hospitals and surgeons.


3. Non-Surgical Treatment Options
If surgery is not immediately necessary or if the flat feet are not causing significant pain or functional issues, there are several non-surgical treatment options available:
- Orthotic Devices: Custom-made orthotic inserts can help support the arch and alleviate pain. These devices can be particularly effective in managing symptoms associated with flat feet.


- Physical Therapy: Engaging in physical therapy can strengthen the muscles around the foot and ankle, improving stability and function. A physical therapist can provide exercises tailored to your child's specific needs.

- Footwear Modifications: Ensuring that your child wears supportive shoes can make a significant difference. Shoes with good arch support and cushioning can help reduce discomfort.

- Activity Modification: If certain activities exacerbate your child's symptoms, it may be beneficial to modify their activities. Low-impact exercises, such as swimming or cycling, can be good alternatives.

- Observation: In many cases, children outgrow flat feet as their arches develop naturally. Regular check-ups with a pediatrician or orthopedic specialist can help monitor the condition and determine if intervention is necessary.


Conclusion
In summary, flat feet in children can be managed through a variety of approaches, ranging from non-surgical treatments to surgical options like the insertion of an endorthesis. While surgery carries risks, when performed by experienced professionals, it can be a viable option for children suffering from significant symptoms. It is crucial to have open discussions with healthcare providers to weigh the benefits and risks of each treatment option and to ensure that your child's growth and development are not adversely affected. Regular follow-ups and a proactive approach to managing flat feet can lead to positive outcomes and improved quality of life for your child.