Effective Home Rehabilitation After Knee Ligament Surgery

Postoperative rehabilitation

Hello, I had a car accident in December, and it seems that I have a ligament tear in my knee.
I underwent surgery on December 4th, where a screw was inserted, and my leg was immobilized in a cast.
During my follow-up appointment on January 1st, the cast was removed, but I am unable to bend my knee.
The doctor mentioned that I could start rehabilitation on my own.
I forgot to ask how to rehabilitate, and since I can't go to a rehabilitation center due to my leg, I would like to know what exercises I can do at home to recover more quickly.

Xiangxiang, 10~19 year old female. Ask Date: 2016/01/08

Dr. Shi Guozheng reply Orthopedics

You should practice both extension and flexion, as well as lifting the leg to increase thigh strength.
You can start by applying a warm compress to the knee joint for about ten minutes before beginning the flexion exercises.
Bend your knee as much as you can tolerate, then slowly extend it back.
Repeat this practice, aiming for about 20 to 30 minutes per session, two to three times a day.

Reply Date: 2016/01/08

More Info

After undergoing knee ligament surgery, effective home rehabilitation is crucial for a successful recovery. Here’s a comprehensive guide to help you navigate your rehabilitation process at home, especially since you are unable to attend a rehabilitation center.

Understanding Your Condition
Following knee ligament surgery, it is common to experience stiffness and limited range of motion, particularly in the early stages of recovery. The surgical procedure often involves repairing or reconstructing the ligaments, which can lead to swelling and discomfort. The use of a cast or brace is standard to immobilize the knee and allow for healing. Once your doctor has cleared you to begin rehabilitation, it is essential to approach it systematically.

Initial Phase: Range of Motion Exercises
1. Heel Slides: While sitting or lying down, slowly slide your heel toward your buttocks, bending your knee as much as possible. Hold the position for a few seconds and then slide your heel back to the starting position. Repeat this exercise 10-15 times, several times a day.

2. Quadriceps Sets: Sit with your leg straight out in front of you. Tighten the muscles on the top of your thigh (quadriceps) and hold for 5 seconds. Relax and repeat 10-15 times. This exercise helps strengthen the quadriceps without putting too much strain on the knee.

3. Ankle Pumps: While lying down or sitting, move your foot up and down to pump your ankle. This helps improve circulation and reduces swelling.

Intermediate Phase: Strengthening Exercises
Once you have regained some range of motion, you can start incorporating strengthening exercises:
1. Straight Leg Raises: Lie on your back with one leg bent and the other straight. Slowly lift the straight leg to the height of the bent knee, keeping it straight. Hold for a few seconds and lower it back down. Repeat 10-15 times for each leg.

2. Wall Slides: Stand with your back against a wall and slide down into a sitting position, keeping your knees aligned with your toes. Hold for a few seconds and then slide back up. This exercise helps strengthen the quadriceps and improve knee stability.

3. Step-Ups: Use a low step or platform. Step up with one foot, bringing the other foot up to meet it, then step back down. Start with a low height and gradually increase as you gain strength.

Advanced Phase: Functional Exercises
As your strength and range of motion improve, you can begin to incorporate more functional exercises:
1. Mini Squats: Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart. Slowly lower your body into a squat position, keeping your knees behind your toes. Hold for a few seconds and return to standing. Start with shallow squats and gradually increase the depth as tolerated.

2. Balance Exercises: Stand on one leg for 10-30 seconds, using a chair or wall for support if needed. This helps improve stability and proprioception.

3. Walking: Once you feel comfortable, start walking short distances. Gradually increase the distance as your knee allows. Walking is a great way to improve overall mobility and strength.

Pain Management and Monitoring
Throughout your rehabilitation, it is essential to monitor your pain levels. Mild discomfort is expected, but sharp or severe pain may indicate that you are pushing too hard. Use ice packs to reduce swelling and pain after exercises, and elevate your leg when resting.

Consult Your Doctor
Regular follow-ups with your orthopedic surgeon or physical therapist are vital to ensure that you are progressing appropriately. They can provide personalized advice and modify your rehabilitation plan based on your recovery status.

Conclusion
Home rehabilitation after knee ligament surgery requires dedication and a structured approach. By incorporating range of motion, strengthening, and functional exercises, you can enhance your recovery process. Remember to listen to your body, manage pain effectively, and consult your healthcare provider as needed. With consistent effort, you can achieve a successful recovery and regain full function of your knee.

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