Understanding HIV Transmission Risks: Common Questions Answered
HIV infection 1. If your hands touched someone else's blood and you didn't wash them before touching your mucous membranes, there is a potential risk of infection. However, the risk is generally lower compared to direct blood-to-blood contact. 2. If both wounds are fre...
Dr. Hong Yuanbin Reply:
Hello, 1. There have been no reported cases of HIV infection due to the situation you described. 2. As long as there is no direct exposure to HIV-infected needles, the risk of infection is very low. 3. The survival time of the virus outside the body depends on the viral load ...[Read More] Understanding HIV Transmission Risks: Common Questions Answered
Understanding HIV Transmission Risks in Everyday Situations
Risk of HIV Infection Hello, doctor. I work in the service industry, and today a machine in the store broke down. When the repair technician came to fix it, I noticed he had an open wound on his finger that hadn't scabbed over. I asked him what happened, and he said he accid...
Dr. Hong Yuanbin Reply:
Hello, 1. Splashing on my clothes and hands does not transmit HIV. 2. Contact between hands and other parts of clothing does not transmit HIV. 3. Having acne that is scratched and becomes a wound does not transmit HIV. 4. Touching a handle or a drainage ditch does not transm...[Read More] Understanding HIV Transmission Risks in Everyday Situations
Essential Questions About HIV Transmission and Prevention
Basic HIV Transmission Issues Hello, I am person 178279 and I have a few basic questions about HIV transmission: 1. If I touch someone else's blood with my hands and forget to wash them before going to the restroom, is there a risk of infection? 2. If my phone comes into ...
Dr. Hong Yuanbin Reply:
Hello, 1. General skin contact does not transmit HIV. 2. You can simply wipe with tissue paper. 3. Ordinary wounds do not typically get infected with HIV and can be disinfected with povidone-iodine. 4. Regular wounds are unlikely to become infected with HIV. 5. Just be careful no...[Read More] Essential Questions About HIV Transmission and Prevention
Understanding HIV Transmission Risks: Needle Safety and Blood Sugar Monitoring
HIV infection Hello, Doctor. I have two questions: 1. If a silver needle accidentally pricked a family member with HIV and was not disinfected, and then I accidentally pricked myself with it again after one day, is there a risk of transmission? 2. I have high blood sugar and c...
Dr. Hong Yuanbin Reply:
Hello, 1. The amount of blood and virus residue on a needle cannot be generalized; however, under normal circumstances, all needles used by the general public are disposable, so this situation should not occur. 2. As long as the needle is changed, there should be no risk of infec...[Read More] Understanding HIV Transmission Risks: Needle Safety and Blood Sugar Monitoring
Understanding HIV Testing: Detection Limits and Measurement Units Explained
HIV Testing Hello, I would like to ask about my HIV PCT blood test results, which show no infection. However, the report states "HIV detection limit: 33 IU/mL, Roche Cobas 6800 System. (1 copy = 1.67 IU)." I want to know that the current medical detection limit is 20 co...
Dr. Hong Yuanbin Reply:
Hello, "copy" and "copies" have the same meaning and refer to the PCR test index. The equivalence of one copy to IU can vary depending on the instruments or reagents used, so it is necessary to consult the physician at the hospital to understand that the minim...[Read More] Understanding HIV Testing: Detection Limits and Measurement Units Explained
Risk of Infection from Blood Exposure During Vaccination: What You Need to Know
Blood infection Hello, doctor. Following up on the previous question, during vaccination, due to the high number of people, the nurse did not follow the standard disinfection procedures. It was also noticed that there was blood on her hands (unknown whose it was) during the injec...
Dr. Liao Zhongxin Reply:
1. During the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare workers have been busy administering vaccines, which may lead to lapses in following standard disinfection protocols; however, wearing gloves and practicing proper hand hygiene can suffice. 2. Even in the case of HIV-positive individu...[Read More] Risk of Infection from Blood Exposure During Vaccination: What You Need to Know
Understanding Sudden Decline in Kidney Function: Causes and Concerns
Acute decline in renal function? At the end of the year, my health check revealed a blood urea nitrogen level of 13, creatinine level of 1.7, urine protein negative, specific gravity of 1.030, and blood pressure of 126/71. Over the past years, my health check results have remaine...
Dr. Wu Jiyu Reply:
According to your inquiry: 1. If the health check has confirmed low vitamin D levels, please proceed with vitamin D supplementation. 2. If you experienced diarrhea about a month prior to the health check, it is indeed possible that dehydration may have caused changes in kidney fu...[Read More] Understanding Sudden Decline in Kidney Function: Causes and Concerns
Understanding HIV Testing: Interpreting Results and Common Concerns
HIV screening Hello, Dr. Hong! I previously mentioned the HIV Ag/Ab Combo test result of 0.33, which is negative. 1. Is it normal for healthy individuals to have such a result? 2. Can someone have a result of 0? 3. What does a result of 0.33 indicate in terms of impurities? I apo...
Dr. Hong Yuanbin Reply:
Hello, 1. Normal individuals can also experience this. 2. No one is immune to it. 3. Substances other than viruses, such as blood and bodily fluids, are considered impurities in this reagent, so please don't worry. Thank you for your inquiry.[Read More] Understanding HIV Testing: Interpreting Results and Common Concerns
Risk of Infection from Contaminated Vaccine Injection: What You Need to Know
Viral infection If the nurse did not follow the standard hand hygiene protocols due to a high number of patients and you noticed blood on their hands during the injection (unknown whose blood it was), the risk of infection depends on several factors, including the presence of vir...
Dr. Hong Yuanbin Reply:
Hello, based on your description, the presence of blood stains on the skin, whether related to Hepatitis B or HIV, typically involves infection through needles entering the bloodstream. In your case, the risk of infection is very low, and no special treatment is necessary. Thank ...[Read More] Risk of Infection from Contaminated Vaccine Injection: What You Need to Know
How Long Does HIV Survive in Semen Outside the Body?
HIV infection 1. How long can the HIV virus survive in semen outside the body? 2. Is there a risk of HIV transmission for the next person using the restroom after someone has masturbated and left semen there? It is known that the HIV virus in blood dies in approximately a few m...
Dr. Hong Yuanbin Reply:
Hello, regarding the survival time of HIV in semen outside the body, it depends on the patient's viral load and the cellular content in the semen, so it cannot be generalized. As for the question, "Is there a risk of HIV from semen in a restroom after masturbation?"...[Read More] How Long Does HIV Survive in Semen Outside the Body?
Understanding Bloodborne Infection Risks During Vaccination
Blood infection If a nurse has blood on their hands during vaccination (unknown whose blood it is), what is the likelihood of me getting infected? Is the risk of infection high just from receiving a vaccine injection? Thank you.
Dr. Liao Zhongxin Reply:
1. Healthcare professionals typically perform hand hygiene and don gloves before carrying out medical procedures; they will repeat these steps before contacting the next patient. 2. If gloves become contaminated with blood or bodily fluids, they should be rinsed with soap and w...[Read More] Understanding Bloodborne Infection Risks During Vaccination
Understanding Sudden Decline in Kidney Function: Causes and Solutions
What could cause a sudden decline in kidney function? In mid-December last year, my health check revealed a blood urea nitrogen level of 13, creatinine level of 1.7, uric acid level of 6.9, pH of 6, urine protein negative, specific gravity of 1.030, and blood pressure of 126/71. ...
Dr. Wu Jiyu Reply:
1. The presence or absence of proteinuria is determined by testing, and your urine protein result is negative (-). If you are still concerned, you can ask your physician to check the urine protein to creatinine ratio next time. 2. In mid-December, your creatinine level was 1.7, ...[Read More] Understanding Sudden Decline in Kidney Function: Causes and Solutions
Understanding Blood in Stool: Causes and Concerns After Straining
Rectal bleeding Two days ago, I had difficulty eating due to a tooth extraction, which made it hard for me to have a bowel movement. I spent an hour in the bathroom and eventually managed to pass a stool, but I had to strain a lot, and since the stool was quite large, I experienc...
Dr. Lin Wufu Reply:
Hello: Based on what you described, it does sound like internal hemorrhoid bleeding. Internal hemorrhoids are typically painless, and fresh blood may cover the surface of the stool, while the stool itself remains normal in color. If you have a history of hemorrhoids, it is advisa...[Read More] Understanding Blood in Stool: Causes and Concerns After Straining
Concerns About Bloodborne Disease Transmission During Blood Draws
During blood draw, healthcare personnel directly touch the bleeding wound? Today, I went to the hospital for a blood draw to perform a glucose tolerance test, which required four blood draws within two hours. However, during the fourth blood draw, when the healthcare worker remov...
Dr. Hong Yuanbin Reply:
Hello, based on your description, typically after drawing blood from a patient, healthcare personnel will disinfect their hands with alcohol before drawing from the next patient, so it should not lead to the transmission of infectious diseases. Thank you for your question.[Read More] Concerns About Bloodborne Disease Transmission During Blood Draws
Thyroid Medication for Pregnant Women: Concerns and Considerations
Pregnant women with thyroid conditions taking Antithyroid medication? Hello Doctor, I would like to briefly summarize my medical history. During middle school, I developed benign thyroid nodules and underwent a partial thyroidectomy, removing three-quarters of my thyroid. My th...
Dr. Hong Yuanbin Reply:
Hello, 1. The nutritional benefits of seafood can be obtained from other food sources, so it is advisable to temporarily avoid seafood. This should not significantly impact fetal development. 2. All seafood contains different components, so it is quite common to suddenly disc...[Read More] Thyroid Medication for Pregnant Women: Concerns and Considerations
Risk of Infection from Blood Exposure During Blood Draws: What You Should Know
#177943 During blood draw, healthcare personnel directly touched the bleeding wound? Thank you for the doctor's response earlier. However, I would like to ask, if the nurse did not properly perform hand hygiene and, as mentioned in the previous question, had fresh blood from...
Dr. Hong Yuanbin Reply:
Hello, viruses can only survive in living cells. Dried blood does not support the survival of the HIV virus, so the scenario you proposed would not lead to infection. Thank you for your question.[Read More] Risk of Infection from Blood Exposure During Blood Draws: What You Should Know
Can I Take Cialis 5mg After Blood Pressure Medication?
Can I use Cialis 5mg while taking antihypertensive medication for blood pressure control? A 66-year-old patient taking Lisinopril in the morning for blood pressure control can take 5 mg of Cialis (Tadalafil) after dinner in the evening. However, it is important to monitor for any...
Dr. Lin Wuxuan Reply:
Hello: When using both medications together, it is important to monitor blood pressure. If there are any abnormalities in blood pressure, you should consult your healthcare provider. If there are no blood pressure abnormalities, there should be no significant concerns about using...[Read More] Can I Take Cialis 5mg After Blood Pressure Medication?
Concerns About HIV Infection After Blood Glucose Testing: What You Need to Know
Fear of contracting HIV/AIDS? Hello, doctor! I just went to the pharmacy to buy a blood glucose meter, and the pharmacist was helping me test it. He said there were no lancets inside, so he tried it on himself first, and then it was my turn to try. I ended up bleeding! I realized...
Dr. Lin Wuxuan Reply:
Hello: If you and the pharmacy staff have both been pricked by the same needle, it is recommended to visit the family medicine outpatient department at a hospital. Please inform the attending physician of your situation in detail; they will arrange appropriate tests and follow-up...[Read More] Concerns About HIV Infection After Blood Glucose Testing: What You Need to Know
Impact of Contrast Agents on Chronic Kidney Disease: What You Need to Know
Contrast agent issues in kidney disease? Hello Doctor: I have been experiencing issues with my eyes recently, and the ophthalmologist recommended administering a contrast agent to visualize the retinal blood vessels. However, I read online that contrast agents can harm the kidney...
Dr. Wu Jiyu Reply:
Based on your inquiry, a creatinine level of 6 indicates stage 5 chronic kidney disease. Even if only half the dose of contrast agent is administered, it may still affect kidney function. It is important to discuss the risks and benefits with your physician. Thank you for your qu...[Read More] Impact of Contrast Agents on Chronic Kidney Disease: What You Need to Know
Understanding Abnormal Blood Test Results: Possible Immune System Disorders
Health Examination Report Hello doctor, last month I visited a rheumatology and immunology specialist due to an unexplained rash on my skin (similar to petechiae). Initially, the doctor suspected it might be an allergy, but they still conducted blood tests. The results showed abn...
Dr. Gao Jiankai Reply:
Hello, thank you for your inquiry. Among the antibodies you tested, some are related to Sjögren's syndrome (Ro/La, C3/C4), some are associated with myositis (Jo-1, Ku), and others are more related to lupus erythematosus (ANA, C3/C4). However, we will consider clinical sympto...[Read More] Understanding Abnormal Blood Test Results: Possible Immune System Disorders