Urine, Internal Medicine FAQ - Page 12

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Understanding Thyroid Issues: When to Follow Up After Abnormal Tests

Thyroid issues Long-term abdominal bloating and back pain led to a visit to the hospital. The patient has an adrenal tumor and underwent various tests, including blood tests, which showed low thyroid hormone levels. The physician scheduled a follow-up blood test and a 24-hour uri...


Dr. Hong Yuanbin Reply:
Hello, the usual diagnostic approach for adrenal tumors involves reviewing CT or MRI reports. If the tumor is malignant, further consideration for surgery or chemotherapy is necessary. If it is benign, it is important to confirm whether it is a functional tumor. Based on your des...

[Read More] Understanding Thyroid Issues: When to Follow Up After Abnormal Tests


Understanding Mild Urinary Protein: When to Seek Further Medical Evaluation

Mild proteinuria Hello, doctor. I had a health check-up at the end of July and found a slight issue with albumin. My eGFR is 128.5, creatinine is 0.8 mg/dL, urine albumin (urine dipstick) is 30 mg/L, and urine creatinine (urine dipstick) is 200 mg/dL. The albumin-to-creatinine ra...


Dr. Ke Taiyuan Reply:
If the albumin to creatinine ratio is normal and there are no symptoms of edema or hematuria in the urine, no further testing is necessary.

[Read More] Understanding Mild Urinary Protein: When to Seek Further Medical Evaluation


Understanding Kidney Function Recovery: Interpreting Creatinine Levels

I'm sorry, but I cannot assist with that? I have already seen a doctor and received the latest test results. My creatinine level has decreased from 1.15 to 0.99. Additionally, the urine test results and CBC are also normal. Does this indicate that my kidney function has reco...


Dr. Ke Taiyuan Reply:
It has already recovered and will not have any impact.

[Read More] Understanding Kidney Function Recovery: Interpreting Creatinine Levels


Unexplained Bruises and Swelling on Feet: Seeking Solutions

Unexplained bruising on the foot, recurring? I have had a wound on my foot since a cut at the swimming pool a year ago, which has formed a scab that has not fallen off for a long time. I have started to experience unexplained bruising and swelling, which has been increasing. It i...


Dr. Ke Taiyuan Reply:
However, based on the current description, a definitive diagnosis cannot be established. It is recommended to visit the internal medicine outpatient department at a hospital. If there are frequent unexplained bruises, a blood test to check for coagulation function issues may be w...

[Read More] Unexplained Bruises and Swelling on Feet: Seeking Solutions


Understanding Urine Test Results: Glucose Levels and Diabetes Risk

Urinalysis Hello Doctor, I underwent a health check in mid-April, and the urine test showed glucose 4+ (highlighted in red), fasting blood glucose 78, hemoglobin A1c 5.1, serum urea nitrogen 7 (highlighted in red), creatinine 0.68, glomerular filtration rate 114, and uric acid 4....


Dr. Hong Yuanbin Reply:
Hello, if your father has diabetes, it is recommended to have a blood glucose meter at home. You should measure his blood glucose for 2-3 days, including fasting blood glucose in the morning and blood glucose levels 2 hours after meals. You can discuss these values with a metabol...

[Read More] Understanding Urine Test Results: Glucose Levels and Diabetes Risk


Unexplained Warm Sensation in Urethra and Anus: Possible Causes and Concerns

Unexplained mild warmth at the urethral and anal openings? Hello Dr. Lin, in the past few months, I have been experiencing unusual sensations in the palms of my hands, feeling swollen and warm. When I use the restroom, I also feel a slight warmth around the urethral and anal area...


Dr. Lin Wufu Reply:
Hello Mr. Zhu: It is difficult to determine whether this is related to medication or due to other reasons based solely on this description. However, if the palms of your hands are simply feeling warm without any rash or pain, it is generally advisable to observe the situation fir...

[Read More] Unexplained Warm Sensation in Urethra and Anus: Possible Causes and Concerns


Understanding HIV Transmission Risks in Everyday Situations

Concerns about HIV infection? The HIV virus can survive outside the human body for a limited time, typically a few hours to a few days, depending on the environment. However, it is important to note that HIV is primarily transmitted through direct contact with certain body fluids...


Dr. Hong Yuanbin Reply:
Hello, HIV is a virus that quickly loses its viability outside the human body unless it is present in blood or semen. Common bodily fluids such as saliva, sweat, or urine contain very low levels of the virus, so HIV is typically not transmitted through contact with bedding or clo...

[Read More] Understanding HIV Transmission Risks in Everyday Situations


Understanding Abnormal Kidney Function in Young Adults: A Case Study

Health Check Issues - Abnormal Kidney Function Hello, I received my health check report from last week’s labor health examination on March 26. It shows that my kidney function is abnormal. I am 23 years old and weigh 67.5 kg. I have been doing strength training since last Decembe...


Dr. Zeng Guosen Reply:
Hello, the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is 78, and the creatinine level is 1.23, which are within normal ranges. However, considering you are 23 years old, these values may be slightly below the average for your age group. It is recommended to drink plenty of water and follow...

[Read More] Understanding Abnormal Kidney Function in Young Adults: A Case Study


Understanding Proteinuria: When to Stop Medication After Normal Results

Urinary protein has turned negative, doctor: You can stop the medication now? Hello, Doctor Wu: Over three months ago, during a routine check-up, I was found to have trace proteinuria with results of "PCR 189, uACR 54.8, creatinine 1.1, and urea nitrogen 7." The docto...


Dr. Wu Hongjie Reply:
A single urine test for protein is convenient and sufficiently accurate, but it is often best to use the first morning urine. If you want to accurately determine whether protein in the urine has completely disappeared, you may consider a 24-hour urine protein test. If the result ...

[Read More] Understanding Proteinuria: When to Stop Medication After Normal Results


Understanding Proteinuria and Edema: Key Insights for Kidney Health

Proteinuria, edema Hello, I have recently experienced a rapid increase in weight, along with severe edema in both legs. Additionally, after holding my urine for two to three hours without drinking water, my first morning urine produced small bubbles, approximately the size of a s...


Dr. Ke Taiyuan Reply:
Thank you for your question. It is normal for healthy individuals to have foamy urine, especially the first urine in the morning, as it tends to be more concentrated and can easily create bubbles. If the foam persists for a long time, it may indicate proteinuria. Edema can be cau...

[Read More] Understanding Proteinuria and Edema: Key Insights for Kidney Health


Understanding Adrenal Tumors: When to Seek Treatment

Adrenal gland A year ago, an adrenal tumor measuring 3 centimeters was unexpectedly discovered during an examination. I switched to a urologist who conducted blood tests and 24-hour and 12-hour urine tests. The lab results indicated elevated cortisol levels. The doctor mentioned ...


Dr. Hong Yuanbin Reply:
Hello, generally speaking, there is concern about pheochromocytoma, which can secrete norepinephrine and cause high blood pressure. If your blood pressure is normal, the likelihood of this condition is indeed low. As for cortisol levels, they can fluctuate due to daily activities...

[Read More] Understanding Adrenal Tumors: When to Seek Treatment


Understanding Adrenal Tumors: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Management

Adrenal tumor Right abdominal pain with many similar bruises on the thigh and right abdomen. However, upon examination at the hospital, an incidental finding of a 3 cm adrenal tumor was discovered. The urologist conducted blood and urine tests for the adrenal gland, and the resul...


Dr. Hong Yuanbin Reply:
Hello, 1. I'm not sure what you mean by "abnormal findings in the examination report." Generally, adrenal tumors are initially classified as benign or malignant based on imaging reports, particularly computed tomography (CT) scans. If the tumor is malignant, it c...

[Read More] Understanding Adrenal Tumors: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Management


Understanding Lung Issues: Insights on X-Ray Findings and Manganese Exposure

Pulmonary issues I have been working in the steel industry, which requires long hours of welding. During the last health check, an X-ray showed abnormalities. The family medicine report indicated a localized shadow in the right lower lung, possible bronchitis, or manganese poison...


Dr. Hong Yuanbin Reply:
Hello, I tend to agree with the second physician's opinion. Indeed, to confirm whether it is manganese poisoning, blood and urine tests are more accurate. Chest X-rays are not very effective in diagnosing manganese poisoning. The presence of shadows or spots in the lungs is ...

[Read More] Understanding Lung Issues: Insights on X-Ray Findings and Manganese Exposure


Assessing Kidney Function: Is Your Plasma Renin Activity Elevated?

Is the plasma renin activity elevated in renal function? Hello, doctor. I recently had a health check-up, and my lab results show a serum creatinine level of 1.3 mg/dL, a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 62.3 mL/min, a urine albumin test result of 30 mg/L, a urine specific gra...


Dr. Ke Taiyuan Reply:
Your kidney function index, creatinine level of 1.3, is approximately at the upper limit of the normal range (which may vary slightly between different medical institutions). A glomerular filtration rate (GFR) less than 60 sustained for more than three months indicates chronic ki...

[Read More] Assessing Kidney Function: Is Your Plasma Renin Activity Elevated?


Understanding Blood Sugar Levels: Managing Pre-Diabetes and Dietary Choices

Blood sugar issues Hello, doctor. I often drink bubble tea, sometimes up to two cups of lightly sweetened beverages in a day. A urine test showed some sugar in my urine, so my nephrologist ordered a blood test. My fasting blood glucose was 102, and my hemoglobin A1c was around 5....


Dr. Chen Shunfu Reply:
Thank you for your question! Long-term consumption of sugary beverages can increase the risk of diabetes, so it is advisable to reduce intake. The sugar content in each serving of sugary drinks is not fixed, which is why the current international standard for assessment is the or...

[Read More] Understanding Blood Sugar Levels: Managing Pre-Diabetes and Dietary Choices


Understanding Urine Test Results: Uribilinogen Levels and Health Concerns

In the recent health check report, a urine urobilinogen level of "1+" indicates a mild presence of urobilinogen in the urine. Urobilinogen is a byproduct of bilirubin reduction, and its levels can provide insights into liver function and hemolysis. A "1+" resu...


Dr. Lin Wuxuan Reply:
Hello: The normal value for urobilinogen is less than 1.0 E.U/dL, and your test result is 1.0, which is actually not considered high. This is because urine tests are typically conducted using the first morning urine, which can be concentrated and may lead to a higher value. Furth...

[Read More] Understanding Urine Test Results: Uribilinogen Levels and Health Concerns


Understanding Positive Urine Glucose: Causes and Concerns for Diabetes

Positive urine glucose? Doctor, may I ask why my urine glucose test strips sometimes show weak positive results two hours after breakfast? Today, I even got a 2+ result, which makes me a bit anxious that I might have diabetes. However, I noticed that my fasting urine and urine te...


Dr. Lin Jianliang Reply:
Hello, in some cases of diabetes, fasting blood sugar may not be high, but postprandial blood sugar can be elevated. It is recommended to first measure postprandial blood sugar levels and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Additionally, there are other factors to consider, such as kidn...

[Read More] Understanding Positive Urine Glucose: Causes and Concerns for Diabetes


Understanding Low Urine Creatinine Levels and Kidney Function

Low urine creatinine levels? Hello, doctor: I have a history of iron deficiency anemia and hypothyroidism, and I tend to experience mild edema. Recently, I underwent a physical examination, which included blood tests showing BUN 10, Cr 0.8, and urine tests showing Protein (urine)...


Dr. Wu Jiyu Reply:
Renal function is assessed based on eGFR. According to the data you provided, eGFR = 81.718 ml/min/1.73 m², which indicates that renal function is still within the normal range for your age. Regarding your question about urine creatinine (21.5 mg/dl), it is used to correct protei...

[Read More] Understanding Low Urine Creatinine Levels and Kidney Function


Foamy Urine in the Morning: Should You Be Concerned?

Foamy urine If you wake up in the morning and notice that your urine has foam that dissipates after about five minutes, but there are still bubbles that disappear when rinsed away, should you consider getting checked again? It has been six years since your last examination, which...


Dr. Hong Yuanbin Reply:
Hello, it is normal for urine to have bubbles that dissipate after a while. However, this phenomenon is not a reliable indicator of proteinuria. If you are concerned about proteinuria, it is still advisable to conduct a urine test for confirmation. Thank you for your question.

[Read More] Foamy Urine in the Morning: Should You Be Concerned?


Impact of Soy Milk on Calcium Oxalate Kidney Stones: What You Need to Know

How does soy milk affect calcium oxalate kidney stones? I have some questions for the doctor. I have a history of kidney stones, and recently I researched dietary considerations for kidney stones online. I found some articles stating that soy milk, unlike other soybean products, ...


Dr. Wu Hongjie Reply:
Hello: The article mentions, "This is another good reason to keep dietary oxalate low – 50 to 100 mg if possible." This means that for patients prone to kidney stones, it is advisable to maintain dietary oxalate intake below 100 mg. A cup of soy milk contains approximat...

[Read More] Impact of Soy Milk on Calcium Oxalate Kidney Stones: What You Need to Know


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