Essential Questions About HPV Vaccination: Testing, Types, and Clinics
Questions about receiving the HPV vaccine? 1. Are there any tests that need to be conducted before vaccination? Do any tests affect the efficacy of the vaccination afterwards? 2. What is the difference between trivalent and quadrivalent vaccines? Which one has better efficacy? 3....
Dr. Zhang Kunmin Reply:
Hello, Here are the responses to your inquiries: 1. If you have had sexual experience and have not undergone a Pap smear in the past year, it is recommended to have a Pap smear. Generally, this will not affect its efficacy. 2. Currently, there are bivalent and quadrivalent...[Read More] Essential Questions About HPV Vaccination: Testing, Types, and Clinics
Is It Necessary to Get the Cervical Cancer Vaccine After HPV Treatment?
Is it necessary? Hello Dr. Lin, During my gynecological examination, I unexpectedly learned that I have been infected with genital warts. I have already undergone surgical treatment once and my recovery is going well. I would like to ask if I still need to receive the cervical ...
Dr. Lin Wenbin Reply:
The quadrivalent cervical vaccine primarily protects against four types of human papillomavirus (HPV): 6, 11, 16, and 18. However, having genital warts does not necessarily indicate an infection with HPV types 16 or 18, so the vaccine still holds significance in the prevention of...[Read More] Is It Necessary to Get the Cervical Cancer Vaccine After HPV Treatment?
Do You Still Need HPV Testing After Pap Smear? Expert Insights
HPV Virus and Pap Smear Test Doctor, if I have already had a Pap smear, do I still need to have regular HPV testing? Thank you very much!
Dr. Lin Wenbin Reply:
The significance of a Pap smear is different from that of an HPV test. A Pap smear examines cervical cells for any abnormalities, using a microscope to analyze the stained cell morphology. This test is typically performed annually, and if there are signs of inflammation, it may n...[Read More] Do You Still Need HPV Testing After Pap Smear? Expert Insights
Should Women with HPV Opt for C-Section to Prevent Transmission?
Which method? Doctor, if someone has a history of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, is a cesarean section necessary during delivery to prevent transmission to the fetus? Additionally, is there a possibility that the medication Lerdapres will be included in health insurance co...
Dr. Lin Wenbin Reply:
Unless there is a widespread viral infection (such as condyloma), the National Health Insurance does not cover cesarean sections performed due to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. As for when the National Health Insurance will cover the medication Ledezma, there is currently ...[Read More] Should Women with HPV Opt for C-Section to Prevent Transmission?
Understanding Abnormal Menstrual Cycles and Cervical Screening for Women Over 40
Irregular menstrual periods and cervical cytology? Hello Dr. Lin, I have a few questions I would like to ask you: 1. If I am over 40 years old, unmarried, and have no sexual experience, do I still need to have a Pap smear? 2. I have been experiencing irregular menstrual cyc...
Dr. Lin Wenbin Reply:
1. Cervical cancer is associated with human papillomavirus (HPV). If infected with high-risk types of the virus, it is important to be cautious about the possibility of cervical lesions. If one is unwilling to undergo a Pap smear, a small cotton swab can be used to collect vagina...[Read More] Understanding Abnormal Menstrual Cycles and Cervical Screening for Women Over 40
Understanding Growths: Are They Just Skin Tags or Something More?
Developed many skin tags? Hello, I previously noticed that I had several growths that looked like skin tags, but since they haven't changed much over the past few months, I didn't pay much attention to them. However, recently my irregular lifestyle seems to have caused ...
Dr. Zhang Kunmin Reply:
Hello, the appearance of genital warts (commonly known as "cauliflower") caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection consists of numerous small, pointed projections, often accompanied by itching. However, a confirmed diagnosis must be evaluated by a specialist and co...[Read More] Understanding Growths: Are They Just Skin Tags or Something More?
Understanding Small Bumps on the Vulva: Causes and Concerns
Small lumps on the vulva? When I was showering, I noticed small, grain-like bumps on both sides of the outer labia when I opened them for rinsing. Is this a normal phenomenon? There is a bump on the vulva that resembles a pimple (which can be squeezed to release a white substance...
Dr. Liu Yuhong Reply:
1. "There are small, grain-like structures on both sides of the outer labia." The vulva, located on the inner side of the labia minora at the vaginal opening, may have a condition known as vulvar papillomatosis, which occurs in a small percentage of individuals (about 1...[Read More] Understanding Small Bumps on the Vulva: Causes and Concerns
Understanding Normal Variations in Vulvar Anatomy: What Are Those Bumps?
Genital issues When I was showering and opened my labia to rinse, I noticed small, grain-like bumps on both sides of the outer labia. Is this a normal occurrence?
Dr. Liu Yuhong Reply:
"...there are small, grain-like structures on both sides of the outer labia..." The vulva, located on the inner side of the labia minora at the vaginal opening, may have a condition known as vulvar papillomatosis, which occurs in a small percentage of individuals (about...[Read More] Understanding Normal Variations in Vulvar Anatomy: What Are Those Bumps?
Are Bumps on the Labia Normal? Understanding Vulvar Health Concerns
Genital issues..? Is it normal to feel small, bumpy areas on the inner sides of the labia majora, which are the outer sides of the labia minora?
Dr. Liu Yuhong Reply:
"The inner sides of the labia majora feel bumpy..." On the inner surface of the labia minora at the vaginal opening, a small percentage of individuals (about 1%) are born with vulvar papillomatosis, which is normal. However, not all bumpy appearances in the vulvar area ...[Read More] Are Bumps on the Labia Normal? Understanding Vulvar Health Concerns
Understanding Hereditary Conditions in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Genetics What diseases are hereditary? Thank you.
Dr. Lin Wenbin Reply:
This is a significant issue; genetic factors can lead to diseases, which are known as hereditary diseases. However, modern science increasingly understands that both "genetics" and "environment" are major factors and causes of disease development. Some individ...[Read More] Understanding Hereditary Conditions in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Essential Pre-Pregnancy Tips for a Healthy Baby: A Guide
Could you please provide more context or specify your question regarding pregnancy? Doctor, sorry to bother you: I have never received the cervical cancer vaccine, have not engaged in sexual intercourse, and have some physical disabilities, which also exist in my family (in diffe...
Dr. Zhang Kunmin Reply:
Hello, the cervical cancer vaccine can be administered to females before they become sexually active, as its purpose is to prevent infection and diseases caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), rather than to treat infections after they occur. Congenital physical defects may result...[Read More] Essential Pre-Pregnancy Tips for a Healthy Baby: A Guide
Does Vaginal Itching Increase the Risk of Cervical Cancer?
Cervical cancer? Hello Dr. Chang, I would like to ask if persistent itching in the genital area (I have already seen a gynecologist who advised me not to wear tight clothing, etc.) increases the risk of cervical cancer? Thank you, doctor.
Dr. Zhang Kunmin Reply:
Hello, the questioner: Cervical cancer is related to sexual activity and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, and there is currently a vaccine available for prevention. Therefore, it is not related to wearing tight pants, so please rest assured. Thank you! Wishing you peace and ...[Read More] Does Vaginal Itching Increase the Risk of Cervical Cancer?
Understanding Aldara for Wart Treatment: Health Risks and Long-term Effects
Is Aldara used for treating warts safe for overall health? Hello, Doctor. I have been using ALDARA to treat genital warts for six weeks, and I have a few questions. First, why is this medication not recommended for use beyond four months? Does it pose a burden on the body, and if...
Dr. Zhang Yongxuan Reply:
Aldara, generic name IMIQUIMOD, is used to treat external genital warts in adults. This medication should not be used for more than four months, as treatment for warts typically does not require such a prolonged duration. Additionally, since only 0.9% of the drug is excreted in u...[Read More] Understanding Aldara for Wart Treatment: Health Risks and Long-term Effects
Timing for Pap Smear After Quadrivalent HPV Vaccine: Expert Insights
Quadrivalent cervical cancer vaccine Hello Dr. Chen, I hope you don't mind me asking you a question. My question is as follows: My wife is scheduled to receive her third dose of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine this July, and she will turn 30 this year. Dr. Chen, how long after ...
Dr. Chen Xuhui Reply:
Dr. Chen replied that the Pap smear does not test for human papillomavirus (HPV) antibodies, so there is no time limit for receiving the vaccine. The goal of vaccination is to generate antibodies that can reduce the incidence of cervical cancer over the following decades. Current...[Read More] Timing for Pap Smear After Quadrivalent HPV Vaccine: Expert Insights
What to Do If Diagnosed with CIN 1: Understanding Treatment Options and Concerns
What should be done for CIN 1? My cervical biopsy results showed CIN 1, and I underwent laser treatment. However, after three months, my Pap smear results were abnormal again, and I am very scared. Does this mean it cannot be cured? If I keep having biopsies and laser treatments,...
Dr. Chen Changfu Reply:
According to research reports, cervical cancer is closely related to high-risk types of Human Papillomavirus (HPV), such as HPV type 16 and HPV type 18. It should not be classified as a malignant virus. A cervical biopsy showing CIN 1 indicates mild dysplasia of cervical cells, w...[Read More] What to Do If Diagnosed with CIN 1: Understanding Treatment Options and Concerns
Can Cervical Cancer Be Transmitted Through Intimacy?
Cervical issues If my husband's affair partner has cervical cancer, will I be at risk of transmission if I stay with my husband?
Dr. Zhang Kunmin Reply:
Hello, Cool Mom: Currently, it is theorized that cervical cancer is caused by the transmission of human papillomavirus (HPV), primarily through sexual intercourse, along with individual factors and environmental influences. Therefore, based on your description, it is advisable to...[Read More] Can Cervical Cancer Be Transmitted Through Intimacy?
Understanding Pap Smears: Do Same-Sex Couples Need Them?
Pap smear examination Engaging in sexual activity does not necessarily require penetration; other forms of sexual contact can also be considered sexual behavior. For lesbian couples, it is still important to undergo routine gynecological examinations, including Pap smears, as par...
Dr. Chen Changfu Reply:
Although lesbian women are not considered a high-risk group for human papillomavirus (HPV), due to the variations in individual sexual practices within the lesbian community, it is still recommended to undergo regular cervical cytology screening.[Read More] Understanding Pap Smears: Do Same-Sex Couples Need Them?
Understanding Vaginal Itching: Causes, Risks, and Prevention Tips
Genital issues Hello, Director Zhang: I have been experiencing persistent itching in my genital area, which fluctuates but never completely resolves. Sometimes it improves after applying medication. I have visited several doctors before, and they all said there was nothing wrong ...
Dr. Zhang Kunmin Reply:
Hello Ms. Hsin-Hsin: 1. Warts that typically appear on the soles of the feet or hands are classified as flat warts, which are caused by a different type of virus than genital warts (condyloma acuminatum), so please rest assured. 2. Herpes viruses can infect various parts of th...[Read More] Understanding Vaginal Itching: Causes, Risks, and Prevention Tips
Understanding Abnormal Bleeding Between Periods: Causes and Concerns
Abnormal uterine bleeding outside of the menstrual period? Hello, I would like to inquire about the issue of abnormal bleeding outside of menstruation. Here is a summary of my situation: In May, I underwent a series of infertility tests, including hysterosalpingography, transvagi...
Dr. Chen Changfu Reply:
Thank you for your hard work! After carefully reading and understanding the detailed medical history, I would like to offer a few personal insights that may be helpful for your reference. It has been mentioned that multiple gynecological examinations have shown no abnormalities, ...[Read More] Understanding Abnormal Bleeding Between Periods: Causes and Concerns
Cervical Pap Smear and Virginity: Common Concerns for Women
Please inquire about the Pap smear test and the issue of the hymen? Hello, I have a few questions: 1) I am currently studying abroad and have not engaged in sexual intercourse. However, the school doctor recommended that women over 30, regardless of sexual activity, should underg...
Dr. Chen Changfu Reply:
1. The hymen may tear and bleed during a Pap smear examination of the cervix, but confirmation requires a clinical evaluation; as long as there is no persistent bleeding, there is no medical necessity to examine the hymen for any lacerations. 2. Medical research has identified ...[Read More] Cervical Pap Smear and Virginity: Common Concerns for Women