Does Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) Increase Diabetes Risk?

Does conjugated linoleic acid cause diabetes?

I have mild obesity and, in an effort to lose weight, I have started a routine of brisk walking two to three times a week.
Based on a friend's recommendation, I purchased CLA capsules from a well-known Japanese brand, hoping to enhance the effects of my exercise.
However, I read online that CLA may lead to insulin resistance, and since there are diabetic patients in my family, I am concerned whether taking CLA could increase my risk of developing diabetes.
Additionally, if I stop taking CLA, will my insulin secretion return to normal after the CLA is metabolized? From a medical perspective, is there a necessity to take CLA?

Niming, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2018/05/29

Dr. Cai Xiuwen reply Nutrition

Hello! Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) is an essential fatty acid commonly found in various meats, dairy products, and fats.
The human body cannot synthesize CLA, and it is present in low amounts (approximately 2-5 mg/g of fat) in animal meat and milk.
Therefore, it is difficult to obtain sufficient amounts of CLA from a natural diet.
Research in animal and cellular studies has shown consistent effects of CLA in reducing fat accumulation and increasing muscle mass; however, human studies have not yielded consistent results, showing no significant impact on body weight.
Studies on CLA indicate a reduction in leptin levels, and some literature suggests a potential link to insulin resistance and prediabetes.
The most critical factor is whether an individual is overweight or has a high body fat percentage, as this may already predispose them to insulin resistance.
Weight loss and increased physical activity can reduce insulin resistance and lower the risk of developing diabetes.
Current research indicates that CLA has no efficacy in promoting weight loss in human trials and may pose a risk for insulin resistance.
Therefore, it is recommended that the most important approach to weight management is to focus on dietary changes and lifestyle modifications.
This information is provided by Dietitian Tsai Hsiu-Wen from Nantou Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, wishing you peace and health.

Reply Date: 2018/05/29

More Info

Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) is a type of fatty acid that is found naturally in meat and dairy products. It has gained popularity as a dietary supplement, particularly among individuals looking to lose weight or improve body composition. However, there are concerns regarding its potential effects on insulin sensitivity and diabetes risk, especially for individuals who are already at risk due to factors such as obesity or family history of diabetes.

Research on CLA has produced mixed results. Some animal studies suggest that CLA may help reduce body fat and increase lean muscle mass, which could theoretically improve metabolic health. However, human studies have not consistently demonstrated these benefits. In fact, some studies indicate that CLA supplementation may lead to increased insulin resistance, which is a precursor to type 2 diabetes. Insulin resistance occurs when the body's cells become less responsive to insulin, leading to higher blood sugar levels and potentially increasing the risk of developing diabetes.

Given your situation—mild obesity and a family history of diabetes—it's crucial to approach CLA supplementation with caution. While you may be motivated to lose weight and improve your health through exercise and dietary changes, introducing CLA into your regimen could pose risks. If CLA does indeed contribute to insulin resistance, it could counteract the positive effects of your exercise routine and dietary efforts.

If you decide to take CLA, it's essential to monitor your blood sugar levels closely, especially if you have family members with diabetes. If you experience any changes in your health, such as increased fatigue, unusual thirst, or frequent urination, these could be signs of elevated blood sugar levels, and you should consult a healthcare professional immediately.

Regarding your question about whether insulin secretion will return to normal after stopping CLA, the answer is generally yes, but it depends on several factors, including how long you have been taking CLA and your overall metabolic health. Once the CLA is metabolized and eliminated from your body, your insulin sensitivity may improve, especially if you continue to engage in regular physical activity and maintain a balanced diet. However, individual responses can vary, and some people may take longer to recover their insulin sensitivity than others.

From a medical perspective, the necessity of taking CLA should be carefully evaluated. The most effective and safest way to manage weight and reduce diabetes risk is through lifestyle changes, including a balanced diet rich in whole foods, regular physical activity, and maintaining a healthy weight. Instead of relying on supplements like CLA, consider focusing on these foundational aspects of health. If you are looking for additional support in your weight loss journey, consulting with a registered dietitian or a healthcare provider can provide personalized guidance tailored to your specific needs and health status.

In summary, while CLA may have some benefits, the potential risks, particularly concerning insulin resistance and diabetes risk, warrant caution. Prioritize lifestyle modifications and consult with healthcare professionals before adding any supplements to your routine.

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