Osteoporosis: Treatment Options and Safe Activities for Seniors

Bone loss

Hello, doctor! My mother recently underwent a bone density test, but she couldn't clarify how much percentage of bone loss she has.
She only knows that the doctor advised her to take Fosamax (Alendronate) at her own expense, one tablet per week, and that it may improve her condition after some time.
Does this indicate that her bone loss is quite severe? Is it still safe for her to go out for walks in this situation? Thank you!

Creey, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2007/07/28

Dr. Chen Xianchang reply Rehabilitation

Hello, thank you for your inquiry.
Here are my responses and suggestions:
1.
Bone density test results include the Z-score (compared to age-matched peers) and T-score (compared to young adults).
By looking at the percentage, you can determine the extent of osteoporosis.
2.
After taking Fosamax, it is important to drink plenty of water and walk around to prevent the medication from adhering to the esophagus.
Additionally, you should consume more calcium-rich foods.
3.
Walking and flexibility exercises are beneficial, but you should avoid lifting heavy objects and be cautious to prevent falls.
When bearing weight, pay attention to your center of gravity to avoid placing excessive pressure on a single joint.

Reply Date: 2007/07/28

More Info

Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by weakened bones, making them more susceptible to fractures. It is particularly common in older adults, especially postmenopausal women, due to hormonal changes that affect bone density. Your mother’s situation, with a bone density score of -3.2, indicates severe osteoporosis, which is a cause for concern. The use of medications like Fosamax (alendronate) is a common treatment option for osteoporosis, as it helps to slow down bone loss and can even lead to some bone density improvement over time.

Treatment Options for Osteoporosis
1. Medications:
- Bisphosphonates: These are the most commonly prescribed medications for osteoporosis. They work by inhibiting the activity of osteoclasts, the cells responsible for bone resorption. Fosamax (alendronate) is one such medication that is taken weekly. It is essential to take it correctly to maximize absorption and minimize gastrointestinal side effects.

- Raloxifene: This medication is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) that can help prevent and treat osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. It mimics estrogen's beneficial effects on bone density but carries a risk of venous thromboembolism.

- Calcitonin: This hormone can help regulate calcium levels and bone metabolism. It is less commonly used but may be an option for some patients.

- Parathyroid Hormone: For those with severe osteoporosis, medications like teriparatide can stimulate new bone formation.

2. Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementation: Adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D is crucial for bone health. Calcium helps build and maintain bone mass, while vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption. Your mother should ensure she is getting enough of these nutrients, either through diet or supplements.

3. Lifestyle Modifications:
- Exercise: Weight-bearing and resistance exercises are beneficial for maintaining bone density. Activities like walking, dancing, and light weight training can help strengthen bones and improve balance, reducing the risk of falls.

- Fall Prevention: Since individuals with osteoporosis are at a higher risk of fractures, it is vital to create a safe environment to prevent falls. This includes removing tripping hazards, ensuring adequate lighting, and possibly using assistive devices if necessary.

Safe Activities for Seniors with Osteoporosis
Regarding your mother’s ability to go outside and walk, it is generally safe for individuals with osteoporosis to engage in low-impact activities like walking, as long as they are cautious and avoid uneven surfaces that could lead to falls. Walking can help maintain bone density and improve overall health. However, it is essential to monitor her for any signs of discomfort or pain during or after activity.

Conclusion
In summary, your mother’s use of Fosamax is a step in the right direction for managing her osteoporosis. It is crucial to continue regular follow-ups with her healthcare provider to monitor her bone density and adjust treatment as necessary. Encouraging her to engage in safe physical activities, ensuring she has a balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, and taking precautions to prevent falls will all contribute to better management of her condition. Always consult with her physician before making any significant changes to her treatment plan or activity level.

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