Managing Hormone Therapy: Balancing Treatments for Vaginal Atrophy
Hormone I have been using hormones for over a decade, which has improved my bone density, but my Pap smear results indicate atrophic vaginitis. I usually take Premarin, one tablet a day; another doctor prescribed Estriol gel and Progesterone. My question is: Is it too much to use...
Dr. Lin Zhaopei reply Obstetrics and Gynecology
The local smear report indicates atrophic vaginitis. Treatment with hormonal suppositories may be more effective than oral medications. However, the smear is primarily a screening test for cervical pre-cancerous lesions, and atrophic vaginitis is not a significant concern. Taking...[Read More] Managing Hormone Therapy: Balancing Treatments for Vaginal Atrophy
Understanding Non-Painful Vulvar Bumps: When to Seek Medical Advice
Vulvar issues Hello, doctor: Recently, my menstrual period just ended about a week ago. In the past couple of days, while taking a shower, I suddenly touched a small hard lump near my labia close to my buttocks, which is about 0.5 centimeters in size and does not hurt at all. (It...
Dr. Lin Zhaopei reply Obstetrics and Gynecology
It could be folliculitis or scabies. If it does not resolve in a few days, you should seek treatment at an outpatient clinic.[Read More] Understanding Non-Painful Vulvar Bumps: When to Seek Medical Advice
Understanding Low Libido and Related Symptoms in Women: A Guide for Couples
"Sexual interest deficiency!" Dear Dr. Lin, I have a few questions I would like to ask you: 1. I am 34 years old, married, and have two children. About three years ago, I started to lose interest in sex. Initially, I would avoid my husband, but now I straightforwardly...
Dr. Lin Zhaopei reply Obstetrics and Gynecology
1. Hypoactive sexual desire disorder can be primary, meaning it is due to psychological factors, or secondary, such as rejection due to abnormal bleeding, abdominal pain, or other factors. 2. Postcoital bleeding with a normal Pap smear is most likely due to endometrial instabil...[Read More] Understanding Low Libido and Related Symptoms in Women: A Guide for Couples
Understanding Inflammation from Pap Smear: Treatment and Next Steps
The smear test results indicate "inflammation." How should it be treated? In February, I had a Pap smear, and while previous reports were normal, this time it indicated "inflammation," which has made me very worried. However, the clinic doctor only advised me ...
Dr. Lin Zhaopei reply Obstetrics and Gynecology
Generally, the female reproductive system is susceptible to ascending infections, which means that inflammation can start from the vagina, progress to the cervix, then to the uterus, and subsequently affect the fallopian tubes and ovaries. If not effectively treated, symptoms may...[Read More] Understanding Inflammation from Pap Smear: Treatment and Next Steps
Is Cervical Inflammation Normal During Early Pregnancy? What You Need to Know
Is it normal to have inflammation of the cervix after being pregnant for over a month? Hello: Recently, our unit provided cervical smear screening, and I mentioned to the doctor that I might be one month pregnant and asked if the test could be performed. He indicated that it is q...
Dr. Lin Zhaopei reply Obstetrics and Gynecology
The main purpose of the Pap smear test is to provide an early screening tool for cervical cancer or cervical epithelial cell abnormalities. Cervical inflammation is not necessarily related to the aforementioned conditions, so there is no need to be overly concerned. Generally, a ...[Read More] Is Cervical Inflammation Normal During Early Pregnancy? What You Need to Know
Post-Cesarean Concerns: Low Milk Supply and Unusual Discharge
After a cesarean section It has been four months since my cesarean section, and I have very little breast milk, feeding a maximum of three times a day. However, my menstrual period has not returned yet. I have a lot of discharge that is yellow and sometimes has blood streaks. I h...
Dr. Lin Zhaopei reply Obstetrics and Gynecology
Breastfeeding not only promotes uterine contractions but also increases lactation hormones, which can lead to the absence of menstruation. If it has been four months since a cesarean section and there are still red-yellow discharge along with abdominal pain, it may indicate endom...[Read More] Post-Cesarean Concerns: Low Milk Supply and Unusual Discharge
Does Gynecological Examination Break the Hymen for Virgin Women?
Hymen If a woman who has never engaged in sexual intercourse undergoes a gynecological examination (internal examination) and the doctor uses a speculum, could this cause the hymen to rupture?
Dr. Lin Zhaopei reply Obstetrics and Gynecology
For women who have not engaged in sexual intercourse, the hymen typically allows for the insertion of only about two small cotton swabs into the vagina. Inserting more than that may cause discomfort or even rupture. If a speculum is used, it should stop upon touching the hymen to...[Read More] Does Gynecological Examination Break the Hymen for Virgin Women?
Menopause Concerns at 70: What to Know and Where to Seek Help
Is it possible to have menopause issues at the age of 70? Hello Dr. Lin, my mother is 70 years old and has been taking medication for hyperthyroidism for over two years. She stopped taking her medication on her own earlier this year and felt unwell, so she resumed her medication ...
Dr. Lin Zhaopei reply Obstetrics and Gynecology
Approximately 60% of menopausal women experience symptoms of menopausal syndrome; however, most of these symptoms resolve within 2 to 5 years. Nonetheless, about 15% of women may have symptoms that persist for over 10 years, meaning that a small number of women may still face men...[Read More] Menopause Concerns at 70: What to Know and Where to Seek Help
Understanding Abnormal Menstrual Bleeding: Causes and Treatments
Abnormal menstruation (heavy bleeding) Yesterday, I accompanied my mom to the obstetrics and gynecology clinic (this was her second visit!). Today, on December 11, she said she feels very unwell, with general weakness, nausea, and her heart feels like it's racing. However, a...
Dr. Lin Zhaopei reply Obstetrics and Gynecology
Ergometrine is effective for controlling significant bleeding; however, some individuals may experience discomfort if they also have dysmenorrhea after taking it. Additionally, some people may experience nausea, visual disturbances, and peripheral neuropathy when using Spal. Epil...[Read More] Understanding Abnormal Menstrual Bleeding: Causes and Treatments
Understanding Irregular Menstruation: Causes and When to Seek Help
Menstrual irregularities I have been experiencing irregular menstrual cycles for the past couple of years. About once every six months to a year, I have an abnormal experience; sometimes my period drags on, and other times it stops for a few days and then starts again. Additional...
Dr. Lin Zhaopei reply Obstetrics and Gynecology
An ultrasound should normally rule out issues with uterine fibroids and the ovaries. If menstruation is not prolonged or has stopped and then resumed, it may be related to hormonal or endometrial issues. Additionally, the presence of an intrauterine device (IUD) can also cause ab...[Read More] Understanding Irregular Menstruation: Causes and When to Seek Help
Could My Girlfriend Be Pregnant After Safe Intercourse?
I'm very anxious? Hello, doctor. I would like to ask a question. My girlfriend is 17 years old, and we had intercourse for the first time in July this year. However, I did not ejaculate inside her. Initially, I thrust a couple of times before pulling out and putting on a con...
Dr. Lin Zhaopei reply Obstetrics and Gynecology
Sometimes, high stress levels or ovarian cysts can cause irregular menstrual cycles. You can check for pregnancy by purchasing a home pregnancy test or visiting a gynecologist. Additionally, if a condom is damaged or not used correctly, it can also lead to pregnancy.[Read More] Could My Girlfriend Be Pregnant After Safe Intercourse?
Understanding Premenstrual Symptoms: When to Seek Medical Advice
Premenstrual symptoms? Hello doctor, my girlfriend experiences breast tenderness and abdominal discomfort, sometimes resembling menstrual cramps, about a week before her period starts. Is this considered an abnormal premenstrual symptom?
Dr. Lin Zhaopei reply Obstetrics and Gynecology
Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) refers to symptoms such as dizziness, abdominal bloating, and breast tenderness that occur before menstruation, commonly affecting young women. Its causes are similar to those of primary dysmenorrhea, as both are triggered by hormonal responses. If the...[Read More] Understanding Premenstrual Symptoms: When to Seek Medical Advice
Understanding Pregnancy Risks and Concerns in Sexual Relationships
Hello, Dr. Lin? 1. I had intercourse with my girlfriend, and I noticed blood on the nursing pad. She said it was almost time for her period, and I ejaculated inside her... Is there a chance she could get pregnant? 2. Also, when I penetrated, I heard a sound that seemed like my ...
Dr. Lin Zhaopei reply Obstetrics and Gynecology
1. If it is menstruation, pregnancy is certainly not possible, but if it is ovulation bleeding, the situation is different. 2. As long as there is no swelling or pain, it should not have any impact.[Read More] Understanding Pregnancy Risks and Concerns in Sexual Relationships
Does Inflammation Affect Fertility? Understanding the Risks and Treatments
Does inflammation affect fertility? Hello, doctor. I would like to ask if inflammation can affect fertility. My situation is that after a Pap smear, the doctor said I had inflammation and prescribed two white pills for vaginal insertion, one before bed for two days, and then I ha...
Dr. Lin Zhaopei reply Obstetrics and Gynecology
The use of vaginal suppositories is primarily for the treatment of vaginitis and has little impact on infertility. The common pathogens involved are fungi and Trichomonas. The inflammation causing infertility mainly affects the fallopian tubes and results in pelvic inflammatory d...[Read More] Does Inflammation Affect Fertility? Understanding the Risks and Treatments
Post-Sexual Discomfort: Understanding Symptoms and Solutions
Discomfort in the genital area after intercourse? Dr. Lin, I often feel swelling and discomfort after intercourse. When I urinate afterward, I experience pain in the vulva. I'm not sure if I have ever had vaginitis. I have been using an ointment on the vulva, which has cause...
Dr. Lin Zhaopei reply Obstetrics and Gynecology
Newly married women often experience pain during urination and discomfort in the vulva after intercourse. If they have previously used steroid creams for an extended period, which may have worsened their skin condition, the symptoms can be exacerbated. It is recommended to use lu...[Read More] Post-Sexual Discomfort: Understanding Symptoms and Solutions
Understanding Unusual Discharge Before Menstruation: What It Means
Strange discharge before menstruation? Before my period, I experienced continuous discharge for four to five days, which was brown or dark red, almost black, and included small blood clots. However, I had no discomfort in my body. I initially thought my period had started, but it...
Dr. Lin Zhaopei reply Obstetrics and Gynecology
This is due to insufficient secretion of ovarian luteal hormones leading to an early decline. Ovarian cysts may also need to be ruled out. If there is postcoital bleeding, it could be indicative of endometrial inflammation.[Read More] Understanding Unusual Discharge Before Menstruation: What It Means
Understanding the Link Between PCOS and Diabetes: Is Testing Necessary?
Do we really need to do this examination? A few days ago, I went to the hospital for an examination and was diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The doctor mentioned that I need to have more blood tests because there is a possibility of developing diabetes after middl...
Dr. Lin Zhaopei reply Obstetrics and Gynecology
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with increased body fat and obesity in women, which can hinder the conversion of androgens to estrogens. In addition to infertility and irregular menstruation, some women may exhibit male characteristics. There is also a higher risk ...[Read More] Understanding the Link Between PCOS and Diabetes: Is Testing Necessary?
Understanding Persistent Brown Discharge After Fibroid Surgery
Bleeding Dr. Lin, I had surgery last March to remove a uterine fibroid that was about 9 cm. Since around October, I have noticed that even after my menstrual period, the discharge has been brownish in color. Although it is not much, I still need to use panty liners until my next ...
Dr. Lin Zhaopei reply Obstetrics and Gynecology
A uterine fibroid measuring 9 centimeters in size, if it invades the endometrium, can easily lead to bleeding due to injury or poor contraction. At 42 years old, hormonal imbalance may also occur; however, since high-dose contraceptive pills have been taken for two months without...[Read More] Understanding Persistent Brown Discharge After Fibroid Surgery
Post-Coital Contraceptives: Side Effects and When to See a Doctor
Emergency contraceptive pill Hello doctor, I would like to ask if taking emergency contraceptive pills can cause itching in the genital area and if there can be white, curd-like discharge from the vagina. Since I currently have my period, should I wait until it is over to see a d...
Dr. Lin Zhaopei reply Obstetrics and Gynecology
Some individuals may experience swelling in the genital area after taking emergency contraceptive pills, which could lead to itching, although the likelihood is low. White, yogurt-like discharge is primarily associated with fungal infections and is not related to emergency contra...[Read More] Post-Coital Contraceptives: Side Effects and When to See a Doctor
Is It Normal for Women to Experience Fluid Release During Orgasm?
After sexual intercourse..? Is it normal for a woman to release a watery fluid that makes the bed wet during orgasm? The fluid has a similar taste to male semen but is colorless and feels somewhat like urine. What should be done about this? Should I see a doctor, and if so, which...
Dr. Lin Zhaopei reply Obstetrics and Gynecology
Normal secretions are produced by the cervix, Bartholin's glands, and the vagina, especially increasing in volume and becoming clearer as ovulation approaches. This is a normal phenomenon.[Read More] Is It Normal for Women to Experience Fluid Release During Orgasm?