Triglycerides: Nutritional Guidance for Health Improvement

Triglycerides

Hello, nutritionist! I would like to inquire about something.
I am creating a nutrition form, and I have a section for users (patients) to input their biochemical test values, which will inform them about any nutritional deficiencies.
I have selected the following biochemical test values: total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, postprandial blood glucose, two-hour postprandial blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure.

For example, if a patient's triglyceride level is abnormal, we would recommend that they consume four servings of protein sources (beans, fish, meat, eggs) per day, 2-3 servings of fruit, half to one pound of vegetables, 1.5-2 tablespoons of fats, 240 c.c.
of low-fat milk, and for those with light or no physical activity, about 8/10 full servings of carbohydrates per meal, equivalent to one bowl.
I would like to ask the nutritionist how many servings of the six major food groups should be recommended if the total cholesterol is abnormal, as well as for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, postprandial blood glucose, two-hour postprandial blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure.
Can I ask the nutritionist for the correct serving sizes?

Brian, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2018/01/24

Dr. Cai Xiuwen reply Nutrition

Hello, the portion sizes of food should be based on individual activity levels, height, and weight, and should also be adjusted according to personal dietary habits and food choices.
Regarding abnormal biochemical indices, merely controlling food portions may not effectively lower these indices.
For example, if a patient calculates their caloric needs to be 1500 calories based on their height and weight, it is recommended that they consume 4 servings of protein sources (such as beans, fish, meat, and eggs), 2-3 servings of fruits, half to one pound of vegetables, 1.5-2 tablespoons of fats, and 240 c.c.
of low-fat milk daily.
For individuals with light or no physical activity, it is suggested that they fill their rice or grain servings to about 80% full or use a standard bowl.

However, if the patient follows these portion sizes but does not choose appropriate fats—such as using lard for cooking or frequently consuming cream-based corn soup—these issues need to be addressed by a dietitian through detailed inquiries and discussions.
The dietitian will consider the patient's current condition, such as the presence of wounds, kidney disease, age (whether elderly or adolescent), and will provide tailored recommendations for food portions and dietary patterns accordingly.

Moreover, current international nutritional guidelines no longer prescribe fixed ratios for the three macronutrients but instead recommend individualized dietary portion suggestions based on specific patient issues.
If you need to check portion suggestions for foods with different caloric values, I recommend visiting the Ministry of Health and Welfare's obesity prevention website for daily dietary recommendations at https://obesity.hpa.gov.tw/PDA/dietaryAmount.aspx.
Given that the public is accustomed to online information, designing a professional platform is very user-friendly, but it is still advisable to consult a dietitian for individualized concerns.

This response is provided by Dietitian Tsai Hsiu-Wen from Nantou Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare.
Wishing you safety and health.

Reply Date: 2018/01/24

More Info

Understanding triglycerides and their impact on health is crucial for managing overall well-being, especially for individuals with specific health concerns. Triglycerides are a type of fat (lipid) found in your blood, and they serve as a significant energy source for the body. However, elevated levels of triglycerides can lead to health issues, including cardiovascular diseases and pancreatitis.

Nutritional Guidance for Triglyceride Management
1. Understanding Triglyceride Levels:
- Normal triglyceride levels are typically below 150 mg/dL. Levels between 150-199 mg/dL are considered borderline high, while levels of 200 mg/dL and above are high and may require dietary and lifestyle changes.

2. Dietary Recommendations:
- Protein Sources: Aim for 4 servings of lean protein sources daily, such as fish, poultry, beans, and legumes. These foods are not only low in saturated fat but also provide essential nutrients that support heart health.

- Fruits and Vegetables: Incorporate 2-3 servings of fruits and at least 2-3 cups of vegetables daily. These foods are rich in fiber, vitamins, and antioxidants, which can help lower triglyceride levels and improve overall health.

- Healthy Fats: Include healthy fats in moderation, such as those found in avocados, nuts, seeds, and olive oil. Aim for 1.5-2 tablespoons of healthy oils per day, as they can help improve lipid profiles.

- Dairy: Opt for low-fat or non-fat dairy options, such as 240 mL of low-fat milk daily. This provides calcium and vitamin D without the added saturated fats found in whole milk.

- Carbohydrates: For individuals with elevated triglycerides, it is essential to manage carbohydrate intake. Focus on whole grains and limit refined carbohydrates and sugars. For those with low physical activity, aim for about 1 cup of whole grains per meal, ensuring meals are balanced and not overly carbohydrate-heavy.

3. Managing Cholesterol Levels:
- Total Cholesterol: If total cholesterol levels are elevated, similar dietary guidelines apply. Emphasize the intake of soluble fiber found in oats, beans, lentils, fruits, and vegetables, which can help lower cholesterol levels.

- Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Cholesterol: To manage LDL cholesterol, reduce saturated and trans fats found in red meats, full-fat dairy products, and processed foods. Instead, focus on incorporating more plant-based foods and healthy fats.

4. Blood Sugar Management:
- For individuals with elevated postprandial (after meal) blood sugar levels, it is essential to monitor carbohydrate intake and choose low glycemic index foods. This includes whole grains, legumes, and non-starchy vegetables. Portion control is also crucial; aim for balanced meals that include protein, healthy fats, and fiber to stabilize blood sugar levels.

5. Blood Pressure Considerations:
- For those with elevated blood pressure, a heart-healthy diet such as the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet is recommended. This includes a focus on fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy while reducing sodium intake.

Conclusion
In summary, managing triglyceride levels and overall health involves a balanced diet rich in whole foods, lean proteins, healthy fats, and plenty of fruits and vegetables. Regular physical activity, maintaining a healthy weight, and monitoring blood sugar and cholesterol levels are also vital components of a comprehensive health strategy. It is advisable for individuals to consult with a registered dietitian or healthcare provider to tailor these recommendations to their specific health needs and conditions.

Similar Q&A

Understanding Low Triglycerides: Impact on Heart Health and Solutions

A total cholesterol level of 123 mg/dL and a triglyceride level of 27 mg/dL are considered somewhat low. While low cholesterol and triglyceride levels are generally not as concerning as high levels, they can still have implications for health. Low cholesterol may be associated wi...

Dr. Wu Xueming reply Cardiology
How to prevent low triglyceride levels? 1. Provide adequate daily caloric intake. 2. Supply a balanced diet consisting of the six major food groups: dairy, grains and tubers, fish, meat, beans, and eggs, vegetables, fruits, and fats. 3. Ensure a balanced intake of carbohydrates, ...

Nutrition Tips for Managing Cholesterol and Triglycerides

GPT: 65; Cholesterol: 259; Triglycerides: 230; LDL (Calculated): 164; RF-IgG: 8; Uric Acid: 7.0; Height: 156 cm; Weight: 73 kg; Breakfast: Occasionally a bowl of oatmeal; Lunch: Bento box; Dinner: Home-cooked meal; Please advise on dietary considerations, thank you.

Dr. Huang Shuli reply Nutrition
Dear Xiao Zhen, Hello! Your abnormal values from the health check are likely due to being overweight. A healthy weight loss diet emphasizes balanced nutrition, which means that the six major food groups—grains, meats, fish, eggs, legumes, dairy, vegetables, fruits, and fats—shou...

Essential Dietary Tips for Managing High Blood Lipids

For individuals with high blood lipids, it is important to pay attention to the following dietary guidelines: 1. Reduce Saturated Fats: Limit the intake of saturated fats found in red meat, full-fat dairy products, and processed foods. Opt for lean meats and low-fat dairy al...

Dr. Xie Huimin reply Nutrition
Hello Wei Ling, Thank you for your letter! First, the term "blood lipids" refers to cholesterol and triglycerides. I'm not sure which type of lipid you have elevated levels of, but regardless, the first thing we need to focus on is maintaining an ideal body weight...

Symptoms of High Triglycerides and Effective Improvement Strategies

Elevated triglyceride levels can lead to various symptoms and health issues. Common symptoms may include: 1. Abdominal pain 2. Nausea 3. Fatigue 4. Pancreatitis (in severe cases) To improve high triglyceride levels, consider the following lifestyle changes: 1. Adopt a healthy ...

Dr. Lin Minghui reply Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Hello, 1. Elevated triglycerides are a type of hyperlipidemia, which can lead to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. Triglyceride levels greater than 1000 mg/dL can trigger acute pancreatitis. 2. Treatment options: a. Lifestyle modifications - including dietary c...