Managing High Blood Sugar During Pregnancy: Dietary Tips and Advice

Gestational blood glucose levels are slightly elevated?

I am 7 months pregnant, and during my recent prenatal check-up, the doctor informed me that I have slightly elevated gestational blood sugar levels and advised me to control my diet.

Question 1: How should I adjust my meals and nutrient intake?
Question 2: My family members have been preparing traditional handmade chicken essence (the concentrated extract after draining the oil) for me to drink, about 100cc each time.
I originally consumed it every morning to supplement my protein intake, while also increasing my intake of organic fruits and vegetables during the other meals.
Given my current situation, can I continue to supplement my protein this way, or should I switch to drinking it every 2-3 days instead? Is my elevated gestational blood sugar due to excessive protein intake from food?
Question 3: I am currently experiencing some swelling; what should I eat to help with water retention?

Judy, 30~39 year old female. Ask Date: 2006/11/30

Dr. Shi Guimei reply Nutrition

Hello! You mentioned that your blood sugar levels are elevated during pregnancy; could this be gestational diabetes? Dietary control of abnormal blood sugar during pregnancy is very important.
In addition to understanding your pre-pregnancy body mass index, current weight changes, blood sugar levels, and whether you are using insulin, it is also essential to closely monitor fetal growth and development.
To ensure the health of both you and your baby, it is recommended that you visit a nutrition clinic for nutritional guidance as soon as possible.

In addition to the aforementioned issues, you are also experiencing some edema.
It is advisable to avoid traditional handmade chicken essence (as it contains fats and a small amount of amino acids, which will not meet your expected protein intake).
Your diet should be light, and you should avoid excessive salt intake, although it should not be completely salt-free.
Additionally, you need to monitor changes in blood pressure and check for proteinuria, making regular prenatal check-ups very important.

Sincerely,
Dietitian Shih Kuei-Mei, Director of the Nutrition Department, Taoyuan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare.

Reply Date: 2006/11/30

More Info

Managing high blood sugar during pregnancy is crucial for both maternal and fetal health. Given your situation, here are some dietary tips and advice to help you adjust your meals and manage your blood sugar levels effectively.

Question 1: How to Adjust Meals and Nutritional Intake?
1. Balanced Meals: Focus on creating balanced meals that include a combination of carbohydrates, proteins, and healthy fats. Aim for complex carbohydrates such as whole grains (brown rice, quinoa, whole wheat bread), which are digested more slowly and help maintain stable blood sugar levels. Pair these with lean proteins (chicken, fish, legumes) and healthy fats (avocado, nuts, olive oil).

2. Portion Control: Monitor portion sizes to avoid overeating. Using smaller plates can help control portions visually. It’s essential to eat smaller, more frequent meals throughout the day rather than three large meals. This can help stabilize blood sugar levels.

3. Fiber-Rich Foods: Incorporate plenty of fiber-rich foods into your diet, such as vegetables, fruits, legumes, and whole grains. Fiber slows down the digestion of carbohydrates and helps prevent spikes in blood sugar.

4. Limit Sugary Foods: Avoid foods high in sugar and refined carbohydrates, such as sweets, sugary drinks, and white bread. These can lead to rapid increases in blood sugar levels.

5. Hydration: Drink plenty of water throughout the day. Staying hydrated can help manage blood sugar levels and reduce water retention.

Question 2: Consumption of Chicken Essence
Regarding the traditional chicken essence you mentioned, it is generally a good source of protein. However, moderation is key, especially since you are monitoring your blood sugar levels.
1. Frequency: Instead of consuming it daily, consider reducing the intake to 2-3 times a week. This will still provide you with protein without overwhelming your system with excess protein, which can sometimes contribute to elevated blood sugar levels.

2. Protein Sources: Ensure that your overall protein intake is balanced. You can obtain protein from various sources, including legumes, dairy, and lean meats. This variety can help you manage your blood sugar levels more effectively.

3. Monitor Blood Sugar: Keep track of how your blood sugar responds after consuming the chicken essence. If you notice significant spikes, it may be worth discussing with your healthcare provider.

Question 3: Managing Water Retention
If you are experiencing water retention (edema), there are dietary adjustments you can make to help alleviate this condition:
1. Increase Potassium Intake: Foods rich in potassium, such as bananas, sweet potatoes, spinach, and avocados, can help balance sodium levels in the body and promote fluid balance.

2. Limit Sodium: Reduce your intake of high-sodium foods, such as processed foods, canned soups, and salty snacks. High sodium can exacerbate water retention.

3. Hydration: Ironically, drinking more water can help reduce water retention. When your body is well-hydrated, it is less likely to hold onto excess fluid.

4. Herbal Teas: Certain herbal teas, such as dandelion tea, may have diuretic properties and can help with water retention. However, consult your healthcare provider before trying any herbal remedies.

5. Physical Activity: Engage in light physical activity, such as walking or prenatal yoga, which can help improve circulation and reduce swelling.

Conclusion
Managing high blood sugar during pregnancy requires a thoughtful approach to diet and lifestyle. Focus on balanced meals, portion control, and hydration while being mindful of your protein intake. Adjusting the frequency of consuming chicken essence and incorporating potassium-rich foods can also aid in managing water retention. Always consult with your healthcare provider or a registered dietitian for personalized advice tailored to your specific needs and circumstances. Your health and your baby’s health are paramount, and with careful management, you can navigate this period successfully.

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