Effective Nutrient Absorption Tips for Aging Parents - Nutrition

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How to intake nutrients to enhance absorption rates?


Hello, nutritionist! My health is generally okay, but I really want to help my elderly parents absorb nutrients more effectively.
I have organized the following questions:
1.
Green tea is said to have antioxidant properties, and catechins can eliminate free radicals and help with vitamin absorption, among other benefits.
I would like to know if purchasing ready-made green tea from a beverage shop (without added sugar) can achieve health benefits, or is it necessary to buy tea leaves and brew them under specific conditions such as temperature and type of tea?
2.
Some nutrients in fruits and vegetables are hidden within cell walls, making their absorption rate low when eaten raw or boiled.
If fruits and vegetables are juiced, will the absorption rate of all nutrients (phytonutrients, antioxidants, etc.) be higher compared to eating them raw?
3.
There is a claim that to absorb allicin from garlic, it must be sliced and left to sit in the air for 15 minutes before consumption.
Is this true?
4.
Slicing garlic and soaking it in cooking oil can produce the compound "ajoene." How long should it be soaked to synthesize this compound? Additionally, if not consumed immediately, will the nutritional benefits diminish if stored in the oil in the refrigerator for a few days?
I hope to receive answers from a nutritionist, as I really want to help my parents with their health.

A-Kai, 20~29 year old female. Ask Date: 2016/03/06

Dr. Shi Guimei reply Nutrition


Dear Akai,
Hello!
1.
Various types of tea contain tannins, which can slow down gastrointestinal motility and affect the absorption of iron and protein.
Therefore, older adults should limit their tea intake, and those with poor kidney function should avoid it altogether.
2.
If your parents have good chewing and swallowing abilities, there is no need to juice fruits and vegetables.
Many vitamins in fruits and vegetables are easily destroyed by oxygen in the air, light, and metals.
Therefore, juicing fruits and vegetables can lead to significant vitamin loss.
If juicing is unavoidable, it should be consumed quickly.
It is best to wash fruits thoroughly and eat them whole or in large pieces.
For vegetables, after washing, they can be sautéed with a small amount of oil to enhance flavor and increase the willingness of older adults to consume them.
This method can also improve the absorption of carotenoids, lycopene, and other fat-soluble vitamins.
3.
Individuals with poor gastric function should avoid eating raw garlic, and older adults, whose gastric function tends to decline, should also refrain from it.
4.
Your parents' diet should focus on natural ingredients, balanced nutrition, and a variety of food types.
They should consume plenty of fruits and vegetables daily and increase their intake of protein-rich foods to enhance muscle mass.
Regular moderate physical activity, along with avoiding smoking and alcohol, constitutes the best approach to health maintenance.
Wishing you health and happiness!
Sincerely,
Dietitian Shih Kuei-Mei
Director of the Nutrition Department, Taoyuan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare

Reply Date: 2016/03/06

More Info


To effectively support the nutritional needs of aging parents, it is essential to consider various factors that influence nutrient absorption and overall health. Here are some insights and recommendations based on your questions:
1. Green Tea Consumption: Green tea is indeed rich in antioxidants, particularly catechins, which can help combat oxidative stress and support overall health. While purchasing ready-made green tea from a beverage shop (without added sugars) can provide some benefits, brewing your own tea from high-quality leaves allows for better control over the brewing process, including water temperature and steeping time. Generally, steeping green tea at lower temperatures (around 160-180°F or 70-80°C) for 2-3 minutes maximizes the extraction of beneficial compounds. If you prefer convenience, opt for brands that emphasize quality and minimal processing.

2. Juicing Fruits and Vegetables: Juicing can enhance the absorption of certain nutrients, particularly if the fruits and vegetables are fibrous. However, it is important to note that juicing removes most of the fiber, which plays a crucial role in digestive health and can help regulate blood sugar levels. While juicing may increase the bioavailability of some vitamins and phytochemicals, it is not a complete substitute for whole fruits and vegetables. A balanced approach that includes both whole produce and juices can be beneficial.

3. Garlic Preparation: The claim that cutting garlic and letting it sit for 15 minutes before consumption enhances its health benefits is accurate. This process allows the enzyme alliinase to convert alliin into allicin, the compound responsible for many of garlic's health benefits, including its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. To maximize the health benefits of garlic, it is advisable to chop or crush it and let it sit before cooking or consuming.

4. Garlic Infused in Oil: When garlic is sliced and submerged in oil, it can indeed produce beneficial compounds, including allicin. The infusion time can vary, but allowing the garlic to sit in the oil for at least 30 minutes can help extract its flavors and nutrients. If you plan to store the garlic-infused oil, it is crucial to refrigerate it to prevent the growth of bacteria, particularly Clostridium botulinum, which can thrive in anaerobic environments. While the nutritional potency may diminish over time, using the oil within a week or two is generally safe and effective.


Additional Tips for Nutrient Absorption in Aging Parents:
- Balanced Diet: Encourage a diet rich in whole foods, including lean proteins, whole grains, healthy fats, and a variety of fruits and vegetables. This diversity ensures a broad spectrum of nutrients.

- Hydration: Adequate hydration is vital for nutrient absorption and overall health. Encourage your parents to drink water throughout the day, and consider hydrating foods like soups and broths.

- Meal Timing: Smaller, more frequent meals can help improve digestion and nutrient absorption, especially for those with reduced appetite or digestive issues.

- Cooking Methods: Opt for cooking methods that preserve nutrients, such as steaming or sautéing, rather than boiling or frying. Cooking can also make certain nutrients more bioavailable, as seen with tomatoes and carrots.

- Supplements: If dietary intake is insufficient, consider discussing with a healthcare provider the potential need for supplements, particularly for vitamins D and B12, which are often lacking in older adults.

- Regular Check-ups: Encourage regular health check-ups to monitor nutritional status and address any specific health concerns.

By implementing these strategies, you can help your aging parents maximize their nutrient absorption and overall health. It is always advisable to consult with a healthcare provider or a registered dietitian for personalized recommendations tailored to their specific health needs.

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